Sex and Race Homogeneity in Naturally Occurring Groups
Sex and Race Homogeneity in Naturally Occurring Groups
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自然存在群体中的性别和种族同质性
DOI：
10.1093/sf/74.1.15
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
L. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. H. Mayhew,;J. M. McPherson;Thomas Rotolo;L. Smith
我们使用能量分布原理产生了一些关于面对面群体的假设：事件的频率与该事件中消耗的能量成反比。该原理预测：（1）群体的规模将与其出现的频率成反比;（2）在任何群体规模下，社会地位的构成都将比偶然性更不均匀;（3）随着群体规模的增加，观察到的构成均匀性将以比偶然性更慢的速度下降。我们使用超过100，000个自然发生的公共面对面团体的数据来测试这些假设，这些数据是在三年内通过两个社区的抽样扫描收集的。数据支持的假设，并产生有趣的差异，性别和种族异质性的强度。我们讨论的结果，因为它们涉及到一般的能量分配原则和其他社会学的观点。
We generate a number of hypotheses about face-to-face groups using the energy distribution principle: the frequency of an event is inversely related to the amount of energy expended in that event. The principle predicts that (1) the size of groups will be inversely related to the frequency of their occurrence; (2) at any group size, the composition of social positions will be less heterogeneous than chance; and, (3) as group size increases, observed compositional homogeneity will decline at a slower rate than chance. We test these hypotheses using data on more than 100,000 naturally occurrin& public, face-to-face groups gathered in sampling sweeps through two communities over a three-year period. The data support the hypotheses and yield interesting differences in the strength of sex and race heterogeneity. We discuss thefindings as they relate to the general energy distribution principle and to other sociological perspectives.