Chronic exposure to e-cig aerosols during early development causes vascular dysfunction and offspring growth deficits
Chronic exposure to e-cig aerosols during early development causes vascular dysfunction and offspring growth deficits
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trsl.2019.01.001
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Ramadoss, Jayanth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Orzabal, Marcus R.;Lunde-Young, Emilie R.;Ramadoss, Jayanth
电子烟（包括在育龄女性中）越来越受欢迎，这是因为与传统烟草相比，人们认为它更安全。然而，关于电子烟烟雾对怀孕和胎儿发育的影响，存在很大的知识空白。我们旨在评估孕期吸电子烟对后代生长的影响，并评估生长缺陷是否伴随着母体和胎儿血管血流动力学的改变。将斯普拉格 - 道利母鼠分为配对喂养对照组、配对喂养果汁组或果汁 + 尼古丁组，然后在定制的电子烟系统中进行产前或产前 + 产后暴露模式。质谱法鉴定了电子烟产生的烟雾中的主要成分。果汁 + 尼古丁组的胎儿体重和顶臀长显著降低（分别下降46.56%和23.83%）。产前和产后暴露于果汁 + 尼古丁导致出生后第4 - 10天幼崽体重下降。出生后第10天顶臀长下降24.71%。果汁 + 尼古丁组母体子宫和胎儿脐带循环的血流量分别下降49.50%和65.33%。我们得出结论，在早期发育过程中长期接触含尼古丁的电子烟烟雾会对暴露的后代产生有害的健康影响。怀孕期间吸含尼古丁的电子烟会导致后代体重和顶臀长减少，同时母体子宫和胎儿脐带循环的血流量显著下降（这是生长受限的一个有力指标）。因此，长期接触含尼古丁的电子烟烟雾可能会在生命早期产生有害的发育影响。
Increasing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), including among women of reproductive age, is attributed to its perceived safety compared to conventional tobacco. However, there is a major knowledge gap surrounding the effects of e-cig aerosols on pregnancy and fetal development. We aimed to evaluate the effects of vaping e-cigs during gestation on offspring growth and to asses if growth deficits are accompanied by altered maternal and fetal vascular hemodynamics. Sprague-Dawley dams were assigned to Pair-Fed Control, Pair-Fed Juice, or Juice+Nicotine groups, and then underwent either a prenatal or prenatal+postnatal exposure paradigm in a custom-engineered vaping system. Mass spectrometry identified major aerosolized constituents from e-cig vaping. The Juice+Nicotine group exhibited significantly decreased fetal weight and crown-rump length (down arrow 46.56%, and down arrow 23.83%, respectively). Pre- and postnatal exposure to Juice+Nicotine resulted in decreased pup weight at postnatal day (PND) 4-10. Crown-rump length was decreased by 24.71% on PND 10. Blood flow in the Juice+Nicotine group was decreased in the maternal uterine and fetal umbilical circuits by 49.50% and 65.33%, respectively. We conclude that chronic exposure to e-cig aerosols containing nicotine during early development can have deleterious health effects on the exposed offspring. Vaping e-cigs containing nicotine during pregnancy lead to a reduction in offspring weight and crown-rump length, associated with a marked decrease in blood flow in both the maternal uterine and fetal umbilical circulation (a strong indicator of growth restriction). Thus, chronic exposure to e-cig aerosols containing nicotine can lead to potentially harmful developmental effects in early life.