Brother-sister differences in the g factor in intelligence: Analysis of full, opposite-sex siblings from the NLSY 1979
Brother-sister differences in the g factor in intelligence: Analysis of full, opposite-sex siblings from the NLSY 1979
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DOI：
10.1016/j.intell.2006.09.003
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Bates, Timothy C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deary, Ian J.;Irwing, Paul;Bates, Timothy C.
关于认知能力是否存在性别差异，以及这些差异是否与获得诺贝尔奖等高水平成就的男女比例有关，存在着科学和流行的争议。最近的一项荟萃分析（林恩，R.，Irwing，P.（2004）.进展矩阵的性别差异：一项荟萃分析。Intelligence，32，481-498.），这表明男性在智力（g）的一般因素上有更高的平均分数，证明特别有争议。在这里，我们使用了一种新颖的设计，比较了参加1979年美国全国青年纵向调查（NLSY 1979）的1292对异性兄弟姐妹。心理测试采用的是武装部队职业能力倾向成套测验（ASVAB），也可以从中得出较简短的武装部队资格测验（AFQT）分数。男性在ASVAB和AFQT的平均g水平（小于标准差的7%）方面仅具有边际优势，但差异显著。在AFQT得分最高的2%中，男性几乎是女性的两倍。这些差异可以为智力隆起的性别差异提供部分基础。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
There is scientific and popular dispute about whether there are sex differences in cognitive abilities and whether they are relevant to the proportions of men and women who attain high-level achievements, such as Nobel Prizes. A recent meta-analysis (Lynn, R., and Irwing, P. (2004). Sex differences on the progressive matrices: a meta-analysis. Intelligence, 32, 481-498.), which suggested that males have higher mean scores on the general factor in intelligence (g), proved especially contentious. Here we use a novel design, comparing 1292 pairs of opposite-sex siblings who participated in the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY1979). The mental test applied was the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), from which the briefer Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) scores can also be derived. Males have only a marginal advantage in mean levels of g (less than 7% of a standard deviation) from the ASVAB and AFQT, but substantially greater variance. Among the top 2% AFQT scores, there were almost twice as many males as females. These differences could provide a partial basis for sex differences in intellectual eminence. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.