Determinants of Anemia among School-Aged Children in Mexico, the United States and Colombia.
Determinants of Anemia among School-Aged Children in Mexico, the United States and Colombia.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu8070387
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发表时间：
2016-06-23
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Suchdev PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Syed S;Addo OY;De la Cruz-Góngora V;Ashour FA;Ziegler TR;Suchdev PS
全球大约 25% 的学龄儿童（SAC——5.00-14.99 岁）患有贫血症。我们确定了三个国家 SAC 贫血的患病率和决定因素。有关社会人口统计学、炎症和营养状况的数据来自 2006 年墨西哥国家营养调查、2003-6 年美国国家健康和营养检查调查以及 2010 年哥伦比亚国家营养状况调查。在美国，维生素 A 和缺铁 (ID) 仅适用于 12.00-14.99 岁的女孩，而我们的分析仅限于此。使用多变量逻辑回归调整混杂因素和复杂的调查设计，按国家评估关联性。贫血和 ID 的患病率是：墨西哥 12%（ID 18%），n = 3660；美国 4%（ID 10%），n = 733；哥伦比亚为 4%（ID 9%），n = 8573。墨西哥与 ID 相关的贫血比例为 22.4%，美国为 38.9%，哥伦比亚为 16.7%。在墨西哥，贫血与 ID（调整后 OR：1.5，p = 0.02）和超重（aOR 0.4，p = 0.007）相关。在美国，贫血与黑人种族/民族（aOR：14.1，p < 0.0001）和 ID（aOR：8.0，p < 0.0001）相关。在哥伦比亚，贫血与黑人种族/族裔（aOR：1.6，p = 0.005）、最低社会经济地位五分位数（aOR：1.8，p = 0.0005）、ID（aOR：2.7，p < 0.0001）和发育迟缓（aOR：1.6，p = 0.02）有关。虽然墨西哥、哥伦比亚和美国的贫血一致与缺铁有关，但其他测量因素显示与贫血的关联不一致。需要有关 SAC 贫血决定因素的更多数据来指导干预措施。
Anemia affects approximately 25% of school-aged children (SAC—aged 5.00–14.99 years) globally. We determined in three countries the prevalence and determinants of anemia in SAC. Data on sociodemographics, inflammation and nutrition status were obtained from the 2006 Mexican National Nutrition Survey, the 2003-6 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, and the 2010 Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición Situación Colombia. In the US, vitamin A and iron deficiency (ID) were available only for girls aged 12.00–14.99 years to which our analysis was limited. Associations were evaluated by country using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for confounders and complex survey design. The prevalence of anemia and ID were: Mexico 12% (ID 18%), n = 3660; US 4% (ID 10%), n = 733; and Colombia 4% (ID 9%), n = 8573. The percentage of anemia associated with ID was 22.4% in Mexico, 38.9% in the US and 16.7% in Colombia. In Mexico, anemia was associated with ID (adjusted OR: 1.5, p = 0.02) and overweight (aOR 0.4, p = 0.007). In the US, anemia was associated with black race/ethnicity (aOR: 14.1, p < 0.0001) and ID (aOR: 8.0, p < 0.0001). In Colombia, anemia was associated with black race/ethnicity (aOR: 1.6, p = 0.005), lowest socio-economic status quintile (aOR: 1.8, p = 0.0005), ID (aOR: 2.7, p < 0.0001), and being stunted (aOR: 1.6, p = 0.02). While anemia was uniformly associated with iron deficiency in Mexico, Columbia, and the United States, other measured factors showed inconsistent associations with anemia. Additional data on anemia determinants in SAC are needed to guide interventions.