Synaptic Connectivity and Cortical Maturation Are Promoted by the ω-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid
Synaptic Connectivity and Cortical Maturation Are Promoted by the ω-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhz083
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Biederer, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carbone, Beatrice E.;Abouleish, Malik;Biederer, Thomas
大脑发育可能受到微量营养素的影响。欧米茄-3脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)在神经元分化早期的作用支持了这一点，因为它促进了轴突的生长。为了描述DHA在出生后阶段的作用，我们选择了视皮质，因为它具有刻板的成熟性。免疫组织化学显示，从出生起就服用DHA的幼鼠表现出更丰富的突触前和突触后特化。DHA还以剂量依赖的方式增加培养神经元中突触的密度和大小。此外，DHA处理的神经元的树突状突起更加复杂。与连接性的改善一致，DHA提高了网络在体外成熟的生理参数，包括爆破强度和振荡行为。为了分析大脑皮质的功能成熟，我们进行了清醒小鼠的活体电生理记录，以测量对图案化视觉输入的反应。饮食中的DHA有力地促进了视力的发育提高，而不改变对光的敏感性。补充DHA的动物的视力继续提高，即使他们的皮质已经成熟，DHA取消了视力平台期。我们的发现表明，omega-3脂肪酸DHA促进突触连接和皮质加工。这些结果提供了微量营养素可以支持神经元网络成熟的证据。
Brain development is likely impacted by micronutrients. This is supported by the effects of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during early neuronal differentiation, when it increases neurite growth. Aiming to delineate DHA roles in postnatal stages, we selected the visual cortex due to its stereotypic maturation. Immunohistochemistry showed that young mice that received dietary DHA from birth exhibited more abundant presynaptic and postsynaptic specializations. DHA also increased density and size of synapses in a dose-dependent manner in cultured neurons. In addition, dendritic arbors of neurons treated with DHA were more complex. In agreement with improved connectivity, DHA enhanced physiological parameters of network maturation in vitro, including bursting strength and oscillatory behavior. Aiming to analyze functional maturation of the cortex, we performed in vivo electrophysiological recordings from awake mice to measure responses to patterned visual inputs. Dietary DHA robustly promoted the developmental increase in visual acuity, without altering light sensitivity. The visual acuity of DHA-supplemented animals continued to improve even after their cortex had matured and DHA abolished the acuity plateau. Our findings show that the omega-3 fatty acid DHA promotes synaptic connectivity and cortical processing. These results provide evidence that micronutrients can support the maturation of neuronal networks.