Neurobiological Programming of Early Life Stress: Functional Development of Amygdala-Prefrontal Circuitry and Vulnerability for Stress-Related Psychopathology.
Neurobiological Programming of Early Life Stress: Functional Development of Amygdala-Prefrontal Circuitry and Vulnerability for Stress-Related Psychopathology.
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DOI：
10.1007/7854_2016_42
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tottenham N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanTieghem MR;Tottenham N
早期不良经历与一生中与压力相关的精神病理的高度脆弱性有关。虽然已经有大量的工作研究了早期逆境对成年期神经生物学的影响，但发育方法可以进一步深入了解早期经历和长期心理健康结果之间的神经生物学机制。在这篇综述中，我们从发展和跨诊断的角度讨论了情绪调节回路在压力相关精神病理中的作用。我们强调越来越多的证据表明，多种形式的早期不良经历会影响杏仁核-前额叶回路的功能发育。接下来，我们将讨论逆境诱导的杏仁核-前额叶发育的改变如何与情绪失调和精神病理症状相关。此外，我们还讨论了保护因子可能缓冲早期逆境对杏仁核-前额叶发育的影响，从而获得更适应性的长期结果的潜在机制。最后，我们考虑了现有文献的局限性，并对未来的纵向和转化研究提出了建议，以更好地阐明早期逆境、神经生物学和情绪表型之间的联系机制。总之，这些发现可能为逆境相关情绪障碍出现的神经发育机制提供进一步的见解，并促进有针对性的干预措施的发展，这些干预措施可以改善暴露于早期生活压力的青少年的精神病理风险。
Early adverse experiences are associated with heighted vulnerability for stress-related psychopathology across the lifespan. While extensive work has investigated the effects of early adversity on neurobiology in adulthood, developmental approaches can provide further insight on the neurobiological mechanisms that link early experiences and long-term mental health outcomes. In the current review, we discuss the role of emotion regulation circuitry implicated in stress-related psychopathology from a developmental and transdiagnostic perspective. We highlight converging evidence suggesting that multiple forms of early adverse experiences impact the functional development of amygdala-prefrontal circuitry. Next, we discuss how adversity-induced alterations in amygdala-prefrontal development are associated with symptoms of emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. Additionally, we discuss potential mechanisms through which protective factors may buffer the effects of early adversity on amygdala-prefrontal development to confer more adaptive long-term outcomes. Finally, we consider limitations of the existing literature and make suggestions for future longitudinal and translational research that can better elucidate the mechanisms linking early adversity, neurobiology and emotional phenotypes. Together, these findings may provide further insight into the neuro-developmental mechanisms underlying the emergence of adversity-related emotional disorders and facilitate the development of targeted interventions that can ameliorate risk for psychopathology in youth exposed to early life stress.