Short-Term Effects of Ambient Ozone, PM2.5, and Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Deaths in Queens, New York
Short-Term Effects of Ambient Ozone, PM2.5, and Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Deaths in Queens, New York
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17114047
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yin, Jingjing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adhikari, Atin;Yin, Jingjing
由SARS-CoV-2病毒引起的2019年冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)疫情在美国迅速增加。事实证明，包括皇后区在内的纽约市各区是这种感染的震中。根据纽约州卫生部提供的数据，纽约市新增新冠肺炎感染病例大多发生在皇后区县，已有42023人检测呈阳性，截至2020年4月20日，已有3221人死亡。疫情最初的传播与人与人之间的传播和旅行有关，但与3月和4月迅速传播的疫情后期相关的因素仍不确定。之前的一些研究已经探索了空气污染和新冠肺炎感染之间的联系，但还需要更多数据来了解短期暴露于空气污染物和气象因素对新冠肺炎感染传播的影响，特别是在美国的疾病中心。在这项研究中，我们将重点放在臭氧和PM2.5上，这是纽约市的两种主要空气污染物，此前被发现与呼吸道病毒感染有关。我们建立回归模型的目的是探索臭氧、PM2.5、每日气象变量(风速、温度、相对湿度、绝对湿度、云层百分比和降雨量)与2020年3月至4月纽约皇后县新冠肺炎确诊新病例和新死亡人数之间的关系。这些分析的结果表明，日平均气温、日最高8小时臭氧浓度、平均相对湿度和云量百分比与新确诊的新冠肺炎病例呈显著正相关；这些变量均未显示出与新冠肺炎相关的新死亡病例显著相关。研究结果表明，短期暴露于臭氧和其他气象因素会影响新冠肺炎的传播和疾病的发生，但疾病的恶化和死亡取决于其他因素。
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, has been rapidly increasing in the United States. Boroughs of New York City, including Queens county, turn out to be the epicenters of this infection. According to the data provided by the New York State Department of Health, most of the cases of new COVID-19 infections in New York City have been found in the Queens county where 42,023 people have tested positive, and 3221 people have died as of 20 April 2020. Person-to-person transmission and travels were implicated in the initial spread of the outbreaks, but factors related to the late phase of rapidly spreading outbreaks in March and April are still uncertain. A few previous studies have explored the links between air pollution and COVID-19 infections, but more data is needed to understand the effects of short-term exposures of air pollutants and meteorological factors on the spread of COVID-19 infections, particularly in the U.S. disease epicenters. In this study, we have focused on ozone and PM2.5, two major air pollutants in New York City, which were previously found to be associated with respiratory viral infections. The aim of our regression modeling was to explore the associations among ozone, PM2.5, daily meteorological variables (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, cloud percentages, and precipitation levels), and COVID-19 confirmed new cases and new deaths in Queens county, New York during March and April 2020. The results from these analyses showed that daily average temperature, daily maximum eight-hour ozone concentration, average relative humidity, and cloud percentages were significantly and positively associated with new confirmed cases related to COVID-19; none of these variables showed significant associations with new deaths related to COVID-19. The findings indicate that short-term exposures to ozone and other meteorological factors can influence COVID-19 transmission and initiation of the disease, but disease aggravation and mortality depend on other factors.