The rotating hydraulics of the open-channel flow between two basins
The rotating hydraulics of the open-channel flow between two basins
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两盆地之间明渠水流的旋转水力学
DOI：
10.1017/s0022112081000347
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发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
C. Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Shen
本文提出了两盆间旋转明渠水流的理论，并对三种情况进行了实验验证。考虑的第一种情况是淹没堰流，即渠道底部的高度低于下部盆地中流体的自由表面高度。发现这种情况下的流量取决于下游盆地中的液位，当那里的液位很高时，并且一旦液位福尔斯下降到临界高度以下，则与下游的液位无关;在该点处，通道中的流量变得临界（受控）。上游位涡和旋转速率的流量的依赖性也进行了检查。结果表明，当旋转速率或上游位涡增加时，流动的输运减少。研究的第二种情况是通过不规则横截面通道（截断通道）的受控流。这种流动的运输示出增加在一些温和的旋转，如果通道地板有一个跨通道的斜率类似的表面的电流。否则，输运总是随着旋转速率而减小。最后一种情况涉及控制部分下游的水流的超临界分离，即水流从通道的左壁分离（向下游看）。获得了这种边界电流形成的视觉证据和测量结果。三种情况下的理论与实验比较一般是合理的，但当流动在控制段分离时，发现理论不适用于这种分离。
The theory of rotating open-channel flow between two basins is presented and experimentally verified for three cases. The first case considered is the submerged weir-flow, i.e. the height of the channel floor is below the free-surface height of the fluid in the lower basin. Flow for this case is found to depend on the fluid level in the downstream basin when the fluid level there is high and is independent of the fluid level downstream as soon as the level falls below a critical height; at that point the flow in the channel becomes critical (controlled). The dependence of the flow on upstream potential vorticity and on rotation rate is also examined. It is shown that transport of the flow decreases whenever rotation rate or upstream potential vorticity is increased. The second case studied is controlled flow through a channel of irregular cross section (the truncated channel). Transport of this flow is shown to increase at some moderate rotations if the channel floor has a cross-channel slope similar to that of the surface of the current. Otherwise, the transport always decreases with rotation rate. The final case is concerned with supercritical separation of the current downstream of the control section, i.e. the current separates from the left wall of the channel (looking downstream). Visual evidence and measurements of formation of such a boundary current are obtained. Comparisons between the theory and the experiment for the three cases are generally reasonable except when flow separates in the control section; the theory is found inapplicable to such separation.