How does playing adapted sports affect quality of life of people with mobility limitations? Results from a mixed-method sequential explanatory study.
How does playing adapted sports affect quality of life of people with mobility limitations? Results from a mixed-method sequential explanatory study.
复制标题
参加适应性的运动如何影响具有行动不便的人的生活质量？来自混合方法的顺序解释性研究的结果。
DOI：
10.1186/s12955-017-0597-9
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发表时间：
2017-01-25
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Levasseur M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Côté-Leclerc F;Boileau Duchesne G;Bolduc P;Gélinas-Lafrenière A;Santerre C;Desrosiers J;Levasseur M
职业，包括身体活动，是健康的一个重要决定因素。然而，行动不便可能限制从事这些职业的机会，从而影响生活质量。有些人会转向适应性运动，以满足他们参与职业的需要。然而，很少有人知道如何适应体育参与影响生活质量的人行动不便。因此，本研究旨在探讨适应性运动对成年轮椅使用者生活质量的影响。采用混合方法序贯解释性设计，包括定量和定性成分与临床研究设计。共有34名18至62岁的轮椅使用者，他们经常参加适应性运动，完成了生活质量指数（/30）。他们的分数与没有限制的相似年龄的人（一般人群）获得的分数进行比较。十名轮椅使用者还参加了个人半结构化访谈，探讨他们对运动相关经历如何影响他们生活质量的看法。参与者是9名女性和25名男性截瘫患者，其中大多数人在国际或国家一级从事个人适应性运动（田径、网球或橄榄球）。参加适应性运动的行动不便者的生活质量与无限制组相当（分别为21.9 ± 3.3 vs 22.3 ± 2.9），但家庭相关生活质量较差（分别为21.0 ± 5.3 vs 24.1 ± 4.9）。根据访谈，参与者报告说，适应性体育运动对行动不便者的生活质量的积极影响主要通过以下方面发挥作用：个人因素（与行为有关的能力和健康）、社会参与（一般和通过人际关系）和环境因素（社会的看法和环境的支持）。一些背景因素，如资源以及组织和培训设施的可获得性，是重要的，间接有助于生活质量。消极的方面，如与性能相关的压力和伤害，也有影响。有行动能力限制的人和没有行动能力限制的人有着相似的生活质量。参加适应性体育运动被认为对自尊、自我效能、归属感、参加有意义的活动、社会对行动不便者的态度和身体健康有积极影响。然而，与会者指出，这种参与，特别是在较高级别的参与，对他们的社会生活产生了负面影响。
Occupations, including physical activity, are a strong determinant of health. However, mobility limitations can restrict opportunities to perform these occupations, which may affect quality of life. Some people will turn to adapted sports to meet their need to be involved in occupations. Little is known, however, about how participation in adapted sports affects the quality of life of people with mobility limitations. This study thus aimed to explore the influence of adapted sports on quality of life in adult wheelchair users. A mixed-method sequential explanatory design was used, including a quantitative and a qualitative component with a clinical research design. A total of 34 wheelchair users aged 18 to 62, who regularly played adapted sports, completed the Quality of Life Index (/30). Their scores were compared to those obtained by people of similar age without limitations (general population). Ten of the wheelchair users also participated in individual semi-structured interviews exploring their perceptions regarding how sports-related experiences affected their quality of life. The participants were 9 women and 25 men with paraplegia, the majority of whom worked and played an individual adapted sport (athletics, tennis or rugby) at the international or national level. People with mobility limitations who participated in adapted sports had a quality of life comparable to the group without limitations (21.9 ± 3.3 vs 22.3 ± 2.9 respectively), except for poorer family-related quality of life (21.0 ± 5.3 vs 24.1 ± 4.9 respectively). Based on the interviews, participants reported that the positive effect of adapted sports on the quality of life of people with mobility limitations operates mainly through the following: personal factors (behavior-related abilities and health), social participation (in general and through interpersonal relationships), and environmental factors (society’s perceptions and support from the environment). Some contextual factors, such as resources and the accessibility of organizations and training facilities, are important and contributed indirectly to quality of life. Negative aspects, such as performance-related stress and injury, also have an effect. People with mobility limitations playing adapted sports and people without limitations have a similar quality of life. Participation in adapted sports was identified as having positive effects on self-esteem, self-efficacy, sense of belonging, participation in meaningful activities, society’s attitude towards people with mobility limitations, and physical well-being. However, participants stated that this involvement, especially at higher levels, had a negative impact on their social life.