CivilWar and Social Cohesion: Lab-in-the-Field Evidence from Nepal
CivilWar and Social Cohesion: Lab-in-the-Field Evidence from Nepal
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DOI：
10.1111/ajps.12067
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Samii, Cyrus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilligan, Michael J.;Pasquale, Benjamin J.;Samii, Cyrus
我们研究尼泊尔十年内战背景下战时暴力对社会凝聚力的影响。我们首先观察到暴力增加了投票和社区组织等集体行动的水平——这一发现与最近对冲突后社会的其他研究结果一致。我们使用现场实验室技术来梳理这些效应。我们的因果识别策略利用了社区与不可预测的叛乱路径的外源性隔离，并结合了匹配。我们发现，受暴力影响的社区表现出更高水平的亲社会动机，通过利他捐赠、公益贡献、对基于信任的交易的投资以及回报基于信任的投资的意愿来衡量。我们找到了支持两种社会转型机制的证据：（1）一种净化机制，通过这种机制，较少社会的人不成比例地逃离受战争困扰的社区；（2）一种集体应对机制，通过这种机制，那些几乎没有逃离选择的个人联合起来应对威胁。
We study effects of wartime violence on social cohesion in the context of Nepal's 10-year civil war. We begin with the observation that violence increased levels of collective action like voting and community organization-a finding consistent with other recent studies of postconflict societies. We use lab-in-the-field techniques to tease apart such effects. Our causal-identification strategy exploits communities' exogenous isolation from the unpredictable path of insurgency combined with matching. We find that violence-affected communities exhibit higher levels of prosocial motivation, measured by altruistic giving, public good contributions, investment in trust-based transactions, and willingness to reciprocate trust-based investments. We find evidence to support two social transformation mechanisms: (1) a purging mechanism by which less social persons disproportionately flee communities plagued by war and (2) a collective coping mechanism by which individuals who have few options to flee band together to cope with threats.