INFLUENCE OF DIETARY ALKALOIDS ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF SPODOPTERA-LITTORALIS
INFLUENCE OF DIETARY ALKALOIDS ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF SPODOPTERA-LITTORALIS
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DOI：
10.1016/0305-1978(93)90087-8
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发表时间：
1993-12-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
PROKSCH, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KRUG, E;PROKSCH, P
研究了苄基异喹啉、单萜吲哚、喹里西啶、烟草和托品烷等25种生物碱对广食性棉贪夜蛾（Spodoptera littoralis）新生幼虫的毒性作用。将生物碱以几种浓度掺入人工饲料中，包括植物中存在的相应天然浓度以及两种任意选择的浓度（0.1和0.2%g-1鲜重）。用于生物活性的比较。经过5天的接触，几乎所有的生物碱研究减少幼虫的生长相比，控制。幼虫存活率，但是，减少了50%以上的控制相比，只有在黄连素，秋水仙碱和尼古丁的存在。几种化合物，包括例如金鸡纳生物碱奎尼丁、奎宁或辛可尼丁，在暴露5天后对幼虫存活率几乎没有影响，当昆虫在其整个幼虫期暴露于相应的生物碱时，其活性明显更高。在长期接触研究中，所有后一种生物碱均导致高幼虫死亡率。蛹重显著低于对照组。膳食利用研究表明，摄食去污剂对例如小檗碱、奎宁或奎尼丁引起的不良反应很重要，而在存在胆碱或尼古丁的情况下观察到的高幼虫死亡率似乎主要是由于后者生物碱的急性毒性。
A total of 25 alkaloids including benzylisoquinoline, monoterpenoid indole, quinolizidine, tobacco and tropane alkaloids were studied for deleterious effects towards neonate larvae of the generalist herbivore Spodoptera littoralis. Alkaloids were incorporated into artifical diet at several concentrations including the respective natural concentration as present in planta as well as two arbitrarily chosen concentrations (0.1 and 0.2% g-1 fresh wt.) for comparison of the bioactivities. After 5 days of exposure almost all of the alkaloids studied reduced larval growth compared to controls. Larval survival, however, was reduced by more than 50% compared to controls only in the presence of berberine, colchicine and nicotine. Several compounds including for example the Cinchona alkaloids quinidine, quinine or cinchonidine which showed little effect on larval survival after 5 days of exposure turned out to be considerably more active when insects were exposed to the respective alkaloids for their whole larval period. In the chronic exposure studies all of the latter alkaloids caused high larval mortality. The pupal weights were significantly lower than those of the controls. Dietary utilization studies indicated that feeding deterrency is important for the adverse effects caused for example by berberine, quinine or quinidine whereas the high larval mortality observed in the presence of cholchicine or nicotine seems to be primarily due to the acute toxicity of these latter alkaloids.