The stress-reducing effect of music listening varies depending on the social context
The stress-reducing effect of music listening varies depending on the social context
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.06.003
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nater, Urs M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linnemann, Alexandra;Strahler, Jana;Nater, Urs M.
目的：考虑到听音乐经常发生在社会背景下，并且考虑到社会支持可以与减压效果相关联，我们测试了在听音乐时仅仅有其他人在场是否会增强听音乐的减压效果。方法：共有53名参与者连续7天，每天5次（醒来后30分钟，1100小时，1400小时，1800小时，2100小时）回答有关压力，他人存在和音乐听的问题。每次评估后，参与者被要求收集唾液样本，用于随后分析唾液皮质醇（作为下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的标志）和唾液α -淀粉酶（作为自主神经系统的标志）。结果：层次线性模型显示，听音乐本身与减压效果无关。然而，在他人在场的情况下听音乐会降低主观压力水平，减少唾液皮质醇的分泌，提高唾液α -淀粉酶的活性。当单独听音乐时，为了放松而听的音乐预示着较低的主观压力。结论：日常生活中听音乐的减压效果因他人的存在而异。在他人在场的情况下听音乐可以增强听音乐的减压效果，这与听音乐的原因无关。当说听音乐的原因是为了放松时，独自听音乐可以减轻压力。因此，在日常生活中，听音乐可以用于减轻压力的目的，当它发生在其他人在场的情况下，或者当它是为了放松而故意听的时候，效果最好。(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Objective: Given that music listening often occurs in a social context, and given that social support can be associated with a stress-reducing effect, it was tested whether the mere presence of others while listening to music enhances the stress-reducing effect of listening to music.Methods: A total of 53 participants responded to questions on stress, presence of others, and music listening five times per day (30 min after awakening, 1100 h, 1400 h, 1800 h, 2100 h) for seven consecutive days. After each assessment, participants were asked to collect a saliva sample for the later analysis of salivary cortisol (as a marker for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) and salivary alpha-amylase (as a marker for the autonomic nervous system).Results: Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that music listening per se was not associated with a stress-reducing effect. However, listening to music in the presence of others led to decreased subjective stress levels, attenuated secretion of salivary cortisol, and higher activity of salivary alpha-amylase. When listening to music alone, music that was listened to for the reason of relaxation predicted lower subjective stress.Conclusion: The stress-reducing effect of music listening in daily life varies depending on the presence of others. Music listening in the presence of others enhanced the stress-reducing effect of music listening independently of reasons for music listening. Solitary music listening was stress-reducing when relaxation was stated as the reason for music listening. Thus, in daily life, music listening can be used for stress reduction purposes, with the greatest success when it occurs in the presence of others or when it is deliberately listened to for the reason of relaxation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.