3-DIMENSIONAL ORGANIZATION OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER INTERPHASE NUCLEI .1. TISSUE-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF POLYTENE NUCLEAR ARCHITECTURE
3-DIMENSIONAL ORGANIZATION OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER INTERPHASE NUCLEI .1. TISSUE-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF POLYTENE NUCLEAR ARCHITECTURE
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.104.6.1455
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发表时间：
1987-06-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
SEDAT, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOCHSTRASSER, M;SEDAT, JW
间期染色体组织在四个不同的果蝇组织，涵盖三到四个层次的多线，进行了分析。结果主要基于使用基于计算机的数据收集和建模系统从未固定的组织进行三维重建。观察到每种细胞类型中染色体的特征性组织，独立于多线性，具有几种或所有组织共有的一些包装基序，以及其他组织特异性。所有的染色体都显示出右手卷曲手性，尽管在大小和卷曲程度上有很大的差异。相反，在每种细胞类型中，异染色质着丝粒区域具有独特的结构、缔合倾向和核内位置。浓缩的核仁染色质的组织也是组织特异性的。紧密卷曲的前胸腺染色体排列方式与前面描述的大得多的唾液腺染色体相似，具有极化方向，非交织的空间结构域，每个常染色体的臂紧密堆积，而后肠，特别是异常直的中肠染色体显示出与这些染色体明显的偏离。令人惊讶的是，肠道染色体经常出现在中心异染色质中断裂。严重变形的中肠细胞核在肠道收缩期间观察到的活幼虫可能占其不寻常的属性。最后，染色体和核尺寸的形态测量提供了深入了解染色体的生长和亚结构，也提出了一个意想不到的平行与二倍体染色质组织。
Interphase chromosome organization in four different Drosophila melanogaster tissues, covering three to four levels of polyteny, has been analyzed. The results are based primarily on three-dimensional reconstructions from unfixed tissues using a computer-based data collection and modeling system. A characteristic organization of chromosomes in each cell type is observed, independent of polyteny, with some packing motifs common to several or all tissues and others tissue-specific. All chromosomes display a right-handed coiling chirality, despite large differences in size and degree of coiling. Conversely, in each cell type, the heterochromatic centrometric regions have a unique structure, tendency to associate, and intranuclear location. The organization of condensed nucleolar chromatin is also tissue-specific. The tightly coiled prothoracic gland chromosomes are arrayed in a similar fashion to the much large salivary gland chromosomes described previously, having polarized orientations, nonintertwined spatial domains, and close packing of the arms of each autosome, whereas hindgut and especially the unusually straight midgut chromosomes display striking departures from these regularities. Surprisingly, gut chromosomes often appear to be broken in the centric heterochromatin. Severe deformations of midgut nuclei observed during gut contractions in living larvae may account for their unusual properties. Finally, morphometric measurements of chromosome and nuclear dimensions provide insights into chromosome growth and substructure and also suggest an unexpected parallel with diploid chromatin organization.