What Gets Measured, Gets Changed: Evaluating Law and Policy for Maximum Impact
What Gets Measured, Gets Changed: Evaluating Law and Policy for Maximum Impact
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-720x.2011.00559.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Chaloupka, Frank J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chriqui, Jamie F.;O'Connor, Jean C.;Chaloupka, Frank J.
法律对公共健康结果有影响吗？不管人们如何看待这个古老问题的答案，近年来，公共卫生界越来越多地证明并认识到公共卫生法律和政策在实现持久和广泛的全民变革方面发挥的作用。公共卫生法律和政策在以下方面发挥了作用：降低吸烟率；减少未成年人与酒精有关的饮酒、驾驶、车祸和死亡人数；减少接触二手烟；消除疫苗相关麻痹性脊髓灰质炎（VAPP）；增加安全带的使用，减少交通死亡人数；减少牙齿携带；减少在学校出售的不健康食品和饮料的获取和消费，减少热量摄入和超重。事实上，在回顾20世纪十大公共卫生成就时，所有成就都受到政策变化的影响。
Does law matter regarding public health outcomes? Regardless of what one may think about the answer to this age-old question, in recent years the public health community has increasingly demonstrated and recognized the roles that public health laws and policies play in effectuating long-lasting and broad-based population-wide changes. Public health laws and policies have been instrumental in the following ways: reducing smoking prevalence; reducing underage alcohol-related drinking, driving, crashes, and fatalities; reducing exposure to second-hand smoke; eliminating vaccine–associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP); increasing seat-belt use and reducing traffic fatalities; reducing dental carries; and reducing access to and consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages sold in schools and to reductions in caloric intake and overweight. In fact, in a review of the ten greatest public health achievements in the 20th century, all were influenced by policy change.