Perinatal HIV Infection and Exposure and Their Association With Dental Caries in Nigerian Children
Perinatal HIV Infection and Exposure and Their Association With Dental Caries in Nigerian Children
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DOI：
10.1097/inf.0000000000001702
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Charurat, Manhattan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coker, Modupe;El-Kamary, Samer S.;Charurat, Manhattan
背景资料：虽然艾滋病毒感染与众所周知的口腔病理学，仍然缺乏比较研究，旨在确定艾滋病毒感染/暴露和幼儿carries.Methods之间的关联：这是一个横断面研究，使用方便的样本3组儿童接受护理三级保健医院在尼日利亚。这些群体包括6至72个月的艾滋病毒感染儿童、艾滋病毒暴露但未感染儿童以及艾滋病毒未暴露和未感染儿童。医疗记录进行了审查，照顾者进行了采访的社会人口，孕产妇和出生因素，以及早期喂养和饮食信息。口腔检查进行了训练有素的牙医examiners.Results：335名儿童参加，33（9.9%）提出与龋齿。在一项调整分析中，与未接触HIV和未感染HIV的儿童相比，HI儿童患龋齿的几率明显更大（比值比= 2.58; 95%可信区间：1.04-6.40; P = 0.04），但在HIV暴露但未感染的儿童中无统计学显著差异（比值比= 2.01; 95%置信区间：0.56-7.23; P = 0.28）。与高龋患病率显着相关的因素包括低CD 4计数和百分比，年龄较大，母乳喂养时间较长和自发性膜破裂在delivery.Conclusions：龋齿是HI儿童更普遍。这些研究结果支持需要针对HI儿童的口腔健康预防和治疗服务，特别是在尼日利亚和其他发展中国家。
Background: Although HIV infection is associated with well-known oral pathologies, there remains a dearth of comparative studies aimed at determining the association between HIV infection/exposure and early childhood caries.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 3 groups of children receiving care at a tertiary care hospital in Nigeria. The groups include HIV infected (HI), HIV exposed but uninfected and HIV-unexposed and -uninfected children 6 through 72 months of age. Medical records were reviewed, and caregivers were interviewed for sociodemographic, maternal and birth factors as well as early feeding and dietary information. Oral examinations were performed by trained dentist examiners.Results: Of 335 children enrolled, 33 (9.9%) presented with caries. In an adjusted analysis, compared with HIV-unexposed and -uninfected children, HI children had significantly greater odds of having caries (odds ratio = 2.58; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-6.40; P = 0.04), but there was no statistically significant difference in HIV exposed but uninfected children (odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.56-7.23; P = 0.28). Factors significantly associated with higher caries prevalence include low CD4 counts and percentage, older age, longer duration of breastfeeding and spontaneous membrane rupture during delivery.Conclusions: Caries was more prevalent in HI children. These findings support the need to target HI children for oral health prevention and treatment services particularly in Nigeria and other developing countries.