A prospective examination of distress tolerance and early smoking lapse in adult self-quitters
A prospective examination of distress tolerance and early smoking lapse in adult self-quitters
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntp041
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Price, Lawrence H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Richard A.;Lejuez, C. W.;Price, Lawrence H.
导言：相当大比例的试图戒烟的吸烟者在几天内重新吸烟，而目前的复发模型对这种早期的吸烟重新吸烟没有给予足够的关注。试图将尼古丁戒断症状的严重程度与短期戒烟结果联系起来的研究得出了模棱两可的结果。如何对尼古丁戒断和戒烟的不适做出反应(即痛苦耐受性)可能是一个更有前途的研究途径，具有重要的治疗意义。方法：本研究采用前瞻性设计，考察了痛苦耐受性和早期吸烟失误。参与者是通过报纸广告招募的81名成年每日吸烟者，目标是计划在没有帮助的情况下戒烟的吸烟者(即没有药物治疗或心理社会治疗的吸烟者；42名男性和39名女性；平均年龄=42.6岁，SD=12.20)。结果：正如假设的那样，更长的屏气时间和富含二氧化碳的空气持久性都与尝试戒烟后显著降低的吸烟风险相关。这些影响超过了与尼古丁依赖程度、教育程度和严重抑郁障碍病史相关的风险，表明痛苦耐受性和任务持久性可能独立于尼古丁依赖和抑郁史等风险因素发挥作用。与预期相反，在有节奏的听觉序列相加测试(一项心理挑战任务)上的持续性并不是早期吸烟的显著预测因素。讨论：这些结果与Re有关。痛苦耐受性在早期戒烟中的作用的理论模型，以及这种模型在开发专门的戒烟治疗方法中的应用。
Introduction: A significant percentage of smokers attempting cessation lapse to smoking within a matter of days, and current models of relapse devote insufficient attention to such early smoking lapse. Studies attempting to relate severity of nicotine withdrawal symptoms to short-term smoking cessation outcomes have yielded equivocal results. How one reacts to the discomfort of nicotine withdrawal and quitting smoking (i.e., distress tolerance) may be a more promising avenue of investigation with important treatment implications.Methods: The present investigation examined distress tolerance and early smoking lapse using a prospective design. Participants were 81 adult daily smokers recruited through newspaper advertisements targeted at smokers planning to quit smoking without assistance (i.e., no pharmacotherapy or psychosocial treatment; 42 males and 39 females; mean age = 42.6 years, SD = 12.20).Results: As hypothesized, both greater breath-holding duration and carbon dioxide-enriched air persistence were associated with a significantly lower risk of smoking lapse following an unaided quit attempt. These effects were above and beyond the risk associated with levels of nicotine dependence, education, and history of major depressive disorder, suggesting that distress tolerance and task persistence may operate independently of risk factors such as nicotine dependence and depressive history. In contrast to expectation, persistence on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (a psychological challenge task) was not a significant predictor of earlier smoking lapse.Discussion: These results are discussed in relation to re. ning theoretical models of the role of distress tolerance in early smoking lapse and the utility of such models in the development of specialized treatment approaches for smoking cessation.