Governing the data commons: Policy, practice, and the advancement of science
Governing the data commons: Policy, practice, and the advancement of science
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DOI：
10.1016/j.im.2010.04.001
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Fortmann, Louise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, Joshua B.;Fortmann, Louise
共享科学数据的产权往往是通过正式的知识产权法进行分析的。然而，这些法律适用的范围不一定与个人之间的数据共享做法有关(例如，在虚拟的社会社区中)。相反，数据共享社区及其成员往往形成自己的管理数据共享的政策、做法和规范。利用共同财产理论，我们的研究目标是确定：(1)数据共享社区和自然资源共享社区之间的相似性：(2)导致数据共享成功的因素；(3)规则、法律和政策管理数据共享的情况。我们使用了环境科学中两个新兴的数据共享社区的案例，一个是微型气象学社区(微气象社区)，另一个是卫星遥感社区。与那些以冲突为特征的案例相比，没有冲突或无法解决的争端的数据共享案例与成功管理的自然资源共享具有更多的共同原则。成功的数据共享需要生物物理学家更多地关注数据共享的社会性。(C)2010爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Property rights of shared scientific data are often analyzed by applying formal intellectual property law. However, the scales at which these laws apply are not necessarily relevant to data sharing practice among individuals (e.g., in virtual, social communities). Rather, the data sharing communities and their members often form their own policies, practices and norms governing data sharing. Using common property theory, our research objectives were to determine: (1) parallels between data sharing communities and natural resource-sharing communities: (2) factors that lead to successful data sharing; (3) circumstances under which rules, laws and policies govern data sharing. We used cases from two emerging data sharing communities in the environmental sciences a micrometeorology community (FLUXNET) and a satellite remote sensing community. Cases of data sharing without conflict or irresolvable disputes had more principles in common with a successfully managed natural resource commons than did those characterized by conflict. Successful data sharing requires that biophysical scientists be more attentive to the social nature of data sharing. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.