Fascia Promotes Adipose Tissue Regeneration by Improving Early Macrophage Infiltration after Fat Grafting in a Mouse Model
Fascia Promotes Adipose Tissue Regeneration by Improving Early Macrophage Infiltration after Fat Grafting in a Mouse Model
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筋膜促进小鼠脂肪移植后早期巨噬细胞浸润促进脂肪组织再生
DOI：
10.1097/prs.0000000000010259
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发表时间：
2023-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Gao, Jianhua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bi, Xin;Li, Bin;Gao, Jianhua
背景资料：低早期巨噬细胞脂肪移植物浸润（手术后一周内）阻碍组织再生，表明巨噬细胞在早期血管生成和脂肪形成中起重要作用。方法：将C57 BL/6小鼠分为筋膜切除组（FR）和对照组（CG）。在FR组小鼠中移除一块背部筋膜，在CG中立即替换，并将腹股沟脂肪注射到两组的移植部位。结果：与对照组相比，FR组第3天和第7天的毛细血管数明显减少（P < 0.01和P < 0.05）;此外，在第3、7和14天，FR组中的小脂肪细胞的数量低于CG（均P < 0.05），并且在第14和30天，FR组中的几种成脂蛋白的相对表达显著低于CG。巨噬细胞浸润的时间轴与血管生成和脂肪生成一致。FR组第3天和第7天的巨噬细胞数量明显低于CG组（P < 0.05），并且7天内浸润脂肪移植物的筋膜源性巨噬细胞多于循环源性巨噬细胞。结论：在脂肪移植后早期，筋膜巨噬细胞浸润促进了组织再生，从而通过促进血管生成和脂肪生成来改善移植物的保留。临床意义声明：在临床上，靠近筋膜注射脂肪可能会增加脂肪保留。筋膜是广泛的和自我再生的，这可能是一个有前途的替代来源的本地巨噬细胞，与组织工程治疗，如软组织缺损的纠正和乳房重建的影响。
Background: Low early macrophage fat graft infiltration (within a week of surgery) hinders tissue regeneration, suggesting that macrophages play a vital role in early angiogenesis and adipogenesis. However, the source of macrophages during this period is unclear.Method: C57BL/6 mice were split into fascial removal (FR) group and control groups (CG). Mice had a piece of back fascia removed in the FR group, which was immediately replaced in the CG, and inguinal fat injected into the transplantation site of both groups. Separately, fascia was harvested from green fluorescent protein-expressing mice and transplanted into C57BL/6 mice for tracing macrophage infiltration after fat grafting.Results: The number of capillaries in the FR group was lower than that in the CG at days 3 (P < 0.01) and 7 (P < 0.05). Moreover, the number of small adipocytes in the FR group was lower than in the CG on days 3, 7, and 14 (all P < 0.05), and the relative expression of several adipogenic proteins was significantly lower in the FR group than in the CG on days 14 and 30. The timeline of macrophage infiltration was consistent with angiogenesis and adipogenesis. The number of macrophages in the FR group was significantly lower than in the CG at days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05), and there were more fascia-derived macrophages than circulation-derived macrophages infiltrated into fat grafts within 7 days. Finally, the graft retention was lower in the FR group than the CG at day 90 (P < 0.05).Conclusion: In the early stage after fat grafting, fascial macrophage infiltration initiates tissue regeneration, thereby improving graft retention by promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis.Clinical Relevance Statement: In the clinic, injecting fat close to the fascia may increase fat retention. Fascia is widespread and self-regenerating, which may be a promising alternative source of local macrophages, with implications for tissue-engineering therapies such as correction of soft-tissue defects and breast reconstruction.