Characterization of the microbiome and immune response in corals with chronic Montipora white syndrome
Characterization of the microbiome and immune response in corals with chronic Montipora white syndrome
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.15899
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发表时间：
2021-05-02
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Padilla-Gamino, Jacqueline L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Tanya;Sonett, Dylan;Padilla-Gamino, Jacqueline L.
在全世界的热带地区，珊瑚病的频率和强度都有所增加。然而，在许多情况下，很少有人知道他们的病因。Montipora白色综合征（MWS）是一种常见的疾病，影响珊瑚Montipora capitata，一个主要的珊瑚礁建设者在夏威夷。慢性Montipora白色综合征（cMWS）是一种影响M.全年都有Capitata。这种慢性疾病对珊瑚免疫学和微生物学的影响目前尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们使用酚氧化酶原免疫测定和16S rRNA基因扩增子测序来表征与cMWS相关的微生物组和免疫反应。我们的研究结果表明，免疫和微生物反应是高度本地化的。相对于患病样本，cMWS珊瑚表面健康的部分在免疫活性和微生物分类群的相对丰度方面存在差异。珊瑚组织与cMWS表现出降低酪氨酸酶型儿茶酚酶和酪氨酸酶型甲酚酶活性和增加漆酶型活性。在所有组织类型中，儿茶酚酶和甲酚酶活性与微生物组丰富度呈负相关。cMWS对珊瑚微生物学和免疫学的局部影响可能是疾病进展缓慢的重要原因。这种局部限制可以促进专注于对组织类型的局部治疗的干预。这项研究提供了一个重要的基线，以了解微生物组和免疫系统之间的相互作用，以及珊瑚用于管理与白色综合征相关的慢性微生物扰动的机制。
Coral diseases have increased in frequency and intensity around the tropics worldwide. However, in many cases, little is known about their etiology. Montipora white syndrome (MWS) is a common disease affecting the coral Montipora capitata, a major reef builder in Hawai'i. Chronic Montipora white syndrome (cMWS) is a slow-moving form of the disease that affects M. capitata throughout the year. The effects of this chronic disease on coral immunology and microbiology are currently unknown. In this study, we use prophenoloxidase immune assays and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the microbiome and immunological response associated with cMWS. Our results show that immunological and microbiological responses are highly localized. Relative to diseased samples, apparently healthy portions of cMWS corals differed in immune activity and in the relative abundance of microbial taxa. Coral tissues with cMWS showed decreased tyrosinase-type catecholase and tyrosinase-type cresolase activity and increased laccase-type activity. Catecholase and cresolase activity were negatively correlated across all tissue types with microbiome richness. The localized effect of cMWS on coral microbiology and immunology is probably an important reason for the slow progression of the disease. This local confinement may facilitate interventions that focus on localized treatments on tissue types. This study provides an important baseline to understand the interplay between the microbiome and immune system and the mechanisms used by corals to manage chronic microbial perturbations associated with white syndrome.