Africa's Food Crisis: Conditioning Trends and Global Development Policy
Africa's Food Crisis: Conditioning Trends and Global Development Policy
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非洲粮食危机：制约趋势和全球发展政策
DOI：
10.22004/ag.econ.53199
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Adesina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Adesina
非洲国家继续面临日益严重的粮食危机，全球粮食、能源和金融危机加剧了这种危机。这种情况是一个长期结构性问题的一部分：几十年来农业部门投资不足，对构成农业人口大部分的小农的支持政策不力。在大宗商品价格高企、市场准入不那么成问题的情况下，这些农民无法实现供应反应，这表明存在多套具有约束力的制约因素，继续限制农业增长在减少非洲大陆粮食安全和贫困方面的潜力。非洲大陆需要的是一场以小农为基础的绿色革命，这有助于提高农业生产力，使数百万人摆脱贫困。在非洲实现绿色革命面临许多挑战。本文回顾了一些阻碍农业部门绩效的历史趋势。此外，报告还回顾了近期趋势的影响，包括全球金融危机、公共部门投资、全球农业发展政策的不公平、外国投资者对农业用地的争夺、国内商业融资市场、气候变化和新兴碳市场。该报告认为，虽然非洲农业存在加速增长的机会，但需要一套新的政策工具来支持小农获得新的农业技术、融资、减少气候变化的影响，并采用可持续的土地利用做法，使他们能够从新兴的全球碳市场中受益。
African countries continue to face deepening food crises which have been accentuated by the global food, energy and financial crises. This situation is part of a long term structural problem: decades of under-investments in agricultural sector and poor policies of support for smallholder farmers who form the bulk of the farming population. The inability of these farmers to achieve a supply response when commodity prices were high and market access was less of a problem suggests that there are multiple sets of binding constraints that continue to limit the potential of agricultural growth to reduce food security and poverty on the continent. What the continent needs is a smallholder-based green revolution that can help raise agricultural productivity and lift millions out of poverty. Many challenges face the achievement of the green revolution in Africa. This paper reviews some of the historical trends that have hampered the performance of the agriculture sector. In addition, it reviews the impacts of more recent trends including the global financial crisis, public sector investments, inequities in global agricultural development policies, rush for agricultural lands by foreign investors, domestic commercial financing markets, climate change and emerging carbon markets. The paper argues that while opportunities for accelerated growth exists for African agriculture, new sets of policy instruments will be needed to support smallholder farmers to access new agricultural technologies, finance, reduce impacts of climate change and adopt sustainable land use practices that can allow them to benefit from emerging global carbon markets.
东亚农业农村发展公共支出的有效性
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Rural Economy Society of Taiwan, 『Proceedings of the 2005 International Seminar On Agricultural and Resource Economics』
影响因子：
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作者：
Gemma;M.
通讯作者：
M.