Specialized Somatosensory-Motor Integration Functions in Musicians
Specialized Somatosensory-Motor Integration Functions in Musicians
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhz154
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Furuya, Shinichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirano, Masato;Kimoto, Yudai;Furuya, Shinichi
躯体感觉信号通过躯体感觉-运动整合机制在灵巧运动的精细控制中发挥作用。虽然熟练的个体通常具有微调的躯体感觉功能和灵巧的运动技能，但仍然不知道他们的桥接机制，即摆动运动和本体感觉运动整合功能是否以及以何种方式通过广泛的感觉运动体验发生可塑性变化。在这里，我们解决了这个问题，通过比较生理指标的钢琴家和非音乐家之间的这些功能。触觉和本体感觉刺激的右手食指抑制皮质脊髓兴奋性测量的经颅磁刺激方法。然而，触觉和本体感受刺激产生较弱和较强的抑制作用，分别对皮质脊髓兴奋性在钢琴家比在nonmusicians。脑电图测量的结果显示，在运动和体感皮层周围的体感刺激的皮层反应的幅度没有显着的组间差异，这表明在抑制作用的组间差异反映了钢琴家的体感-运动整合功能的神经可塑性适应。惩罚回归分析进一步揭示了这些整合功能和钢琴家的运动表现之间的关联，这表明广泛的钢琴练习重组体感-运动整合功能，以便能够在钢琴表演过程中精细控制灵巧的手指运动。
Somatosensory signals play roles in the fine control of dexterous movements through a somatosensory-motor integration mechanism. While skilled individuals are typically characterized by fine-tuned somatosensory functions and dexterous motor skills, it remains unknown whether and in what manner their bridging mechanism, the tactile-motor and proprioceptive-motor integration functions, plastically changes through extensive sensorimotor experiences. Here, we addressed this issue by comparing physiological indices of these functions between pianists and nonmusicians. Both tactile and proprioceptive stimuli to the right index finger inhibited corticospinal excitability measured by a transcranial magnetic stimulation method. However, the tactile and proprioceptive stimuli exerted weaker and stronger inhibitory effects, respectively, on corticospinal excitability in pianists than in nonmusicians. The results of the electroencephalogram measurements revealed no significant group difference in the amplitude of cortical responses to the somatosensory stimuli around the motor and somatosensory cortices, suggesting that the group difference in the inhibitory effects reflects neuroplastic adaptation of the somatosensory-motor integration functions in pianists. Penalized regression analyses further revealed an association between these integration functions and motor performance in the pianists, suggesting that extensive piano practice reorganizes somatosensory-motor integration functions so as to enable fine control of dexterous finger movements during piano performances.