Effects of Bilingualism on the Age of Onset and Progression of MCI and AD: Evidence From Executive Function Tests
Effects of Bilingualism on the Age of Onset and Progression of MCI and AD: Evidence From Executive Function Tests
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000023
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Freedman, Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bialystok, Ellen;Craik, Fergus I. M.;Freedman, Morris
以前的文章报道，双语与阿尔茨海默病（AD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）的发病延迟有关。本研究报告了74例MCI患者和75例AD患者的结果;每组中约有一半的患者是双语患者。所有患者都接受了采访，以获得他们的语言使用，他们的病情发作和生活习惯的细节。在大约1年的时间内，患者在3个场合进行了D-KEFS组合的3项执行功能（EF）测试（轨迹、色词干扰、言语流畅性）。结果重复了双语患者在症状发作年龄和首次就诊日期均比单语患者大几岁的发现。这一结果不能归因于语言组在饮食、吸烟、饮酒、体育活动或社会活动等生活方式变量上的差异。在第一次测试时，语言组之间EF任务的表现大致相当，这与双语者在参加诊所之前等待更长时间的论点相矛盾。最后，EF性能趋于下降，在3个会议，但没有发现单语和双语者之间的下降率的差异。
Previous articles have reported that bilingualism is associated with a substantial delay in the onset of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The present study reports results from 74 MCI patients and 75 AD patients; approximately half of the patients in each group were bilingual. All patients were interviewed to obtain details of their language use, onset of their condition, and lifestyle habits. Patients performed three executive function (EF) tests from the D-KEFS battery (Trails, Color-Word Interference, Verbal Fluency) on 3 occasions over a period of approximately 1 year. Results replicated the finding that bilingual patients are several years older than comparable monolinguals at both age of symptom onset and date of first clinic visit. This result could not be attributed to language group differences in such lifestyle variables as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, or social activity. On the first testing occasion, performance on the EF tasks was generally comparable between the language groups, contesting arguments that bilinguals wait longer before attending the clinic. Finally, EF performance tended to decline over the 3 sessions, but no differences were found between monolinguals and bilinguals in the rate of decline.