Compositional Discrimination of Decompression and Decomposition Gas Bubbles in Bycaught Seals and Dolphins
Compositional Discrimination of Decompression and Decomposition Gas Bubbles in Bycaught Seals and Dolphins
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0083994
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发表时间：
2013-12-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moore, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Quiros, Yara Bernaldo;Seewald, Jeffrey S.;Moore, Michael J.
先前已通过计算机断层扫描、大体检查和组织病理学描述了被刺网缠绕和淹死的海洋哺乳动物中的气泡。这些动物的组织中没有细菌或自溶变化，这表明气体是在死后或死后通过快速减压产生的，可能是通过快速将被网缠住的动物拖到水面。气体成分分析和气体评分是两种新的诊断工具，可用于区分气体栓塞和腐败气体。这些方法已成功地应用于海洋哺乳动物的病理学研究。在这项研究中，我们的特点是通量和组合物的气泡从副捕获的海洋哺乳动物在锚定沉刺网和底部的水獭拖网。我们将这些数据与美国马萨诸塞州科德角搁浅的海洋哺乳动物进行了比较。优先考虑新鲜动物或中度腐烂（腐烂评分为2和3）的动物。结果表明，误捕动物提出了显着较高的气体分数比搁浅的动物。气体成分分析表明，气体是减压形成的，证实了减压假说。
Gas bubbles in marine mammals entangled and drowned in gillnets have been previously described by computed tomography, gross examination and histopathology. The absence of bacteria or autolytic changes in the tissues of those animals suggested that the gas was produced peri- or post-mortem by a fast decompression, probably by quickly hauling animals entangled in the net at depth to the surface. Gas composition analysis and gas scoring are two new diagnostic tools available to distinguish gas embolisms from putrefaction gases. With this goal, these methods have been successfully applied to pathological studies of marine mammals. In this study, we characterized the flux and composition of the gas bubbles from bycaught marine mammals in anchored sink gillnets and bottom otter trawls. We compared these data with marine mammals stranded on Cape Cod, MA, USA. Fresh animals or with moderate decomposition (decomposition scores of 2 and 3) were prioritized. Results showed that bycaught animals presented with significantly higher gas scores than stranded animals. Gas composition analyses indicate that gas was formed by decompression, confirming the decompression hypothesis.