THE CONTROLLABLE LIFE-STYLE FACTOR AND STUDENTS ATTITUDES ABOUT SPECIALTY SELECTION
THE CONTROLLABLE LIFE-STYLE FACTOR AND STUDENTS ATTITUDES ABOUT SPECIALTY SELECTION
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DOI：
10.1097/00001888-199003000-00016
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发表时间：
1990-03-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
GRIFFEN, WO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHWARTZ, RW;HALEY, JV;GRIFFEN, WO
向9所医学院的346名四年级学生分发了问卷。学生们被要求陈述他们所选择的专业，并对25个影响因素中的每一个的重要性进行排名，这些影响因素被列为问卷项目，在他们选择专业的过程中。因子分析表明，特定项目与特定因素显著相关。第一个因素强调感知的生活方式（这一类的项目给予报酬，个人时间和声望的重要性）;第二个因素强调大脑活动和实践取向;第三个因素强调利他主义的价值观和态度。作者将选定的专业分为三组：具有不可控制的生活方式（NCL）的专业，具有可控制的生活方式（CL）的专业和手术专业。(CL专业被定义为允许医生控制用于实践专业的小时数的专业。资料以因素分析、变异数分析及Scheffe法进行分析。分析显示，知觉的生活方式因素是最密切相关的选择CL专业的学生的反应。此外，这一因素收到了最高的总负荷的三个因素，从所有的学生，从而表明生活方式因素的兴趣水平。选择CL专业的学生组和选择NCL专业的学生组对定义大脑和实践因素的项目的反应最高，最低。在利他主义因子上，非学习型学生得分最高，学习型学生得分最低。手术组和NCL组在态度模式上相似，并且两者在态度模式上与CL组有实质性差异。（250字处删节）
Questionnaires were distributed to 346 fourth-year students in nine medical schools. The students were asked to state their selected specialty and to rank the importance that each of 25 influences, listed as questionnaire items, had had in making their choice of specialty. Factor analysis showed that particular items were significantly associated with particular factors. The first factor emphasized perceived lifestyle (items in this category gave importance to remuneration, personal time, and prestige); the second factor emphasized cerebral activities and a practice orientation; and the third factor stressed altruistic values and attitudes. The authors classified the selected specialties into three groups: those characterized as having a non-controllable lifestyle (NCL), those with a controllable lifestyle (CL), and surgery.(CL specialties were defined as those that allow the physician to control the number of hours devoted to practicing the specialty.) Data were analyzed using factor analysis, and analysis of variance, and the Scheffe method. Analysis indicated that the perceived lifestyle factor was most closely associated with the responses of those students choosing CL specialties. Furthermore, this factor received the highest total loading of the three factors from all the students, thus indicating the level of interest in lifestyle factors. Responses to items that defined the cerebral and practice factor were highest from the group of students choosing CL specialties and lowest from the group choosing NCL specialties. The NCL students scored highest in the altruism factor and the CL students scored the lowest. The surgery and NCL groups were similar in attitude patterns, and both were substantially different in attitude patterns from those of the CL groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)