Nanoshell-enabled photonics-based imaging and therapy of cancer
Nanoshell-enabled photonics-based imaging and therapy of cancer
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DOI：
10.1177/153303460400300104
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Drezek, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loo, C;Lin, A;Drezek, R
金属纳米壳是一种新型的复合球形纳米粒子，由薄金属壳（通常是金）覆盖的介电核组成。纳米壳具有非常有利的光学和化学性质，用于生物医学成像和治疗应用。通过改变核和壳的相对尺寸，这些纳米颗粒的光学共振可以在从近紫外到中红外的广泛区域内精确地和系统地变化。该范围包括组织透射率达到峰值的近红外（NIR）波长区域。除了光谱可调谐性之外，纳米壳还提供了优于常规有机染料的其他优点，包括改善的光学性质和降低的对化学/热变性的敏感性。此外，用于将生物分子结合到金胶体的相同缀合方案易于修改用于纳米壳。在这篇文章中，我们首先回顾了金纳米壳的合成，并说明了核/壳比和纳米壳的整体尺寸如何影响其散射和吸收特性。然后，我们描述了几个例子的nanoshell-based诊断和治疗方法，包括开发nanoshell-bioconjugates的分子成像，使用散射nanoshell-as造影剂的光学相干断层扫描（OCT），和使用吸收nanoshell-in近红外热治疗肿瘤。
Metal nanoshells are a novel type of composite spherical nanoparticle consisting of a dielectric core covered by a thin metallic shell which is typically gold. Nanoshells possess highly favorable optical and chemical properties for biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications. By varying the relative the dimensions of the core and the shell, the optical resonance of these nanoparticles can be precisely and systematically varied over a broad region ranging from the near-UV to the mid-infrared. This range includes the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength region where tissue transmissivity peaks. In addition to spectral tunability, nanoshells offer other advantages over conventional organic dyes including improved optical properties and reduced susceptibility to chemical/thermal denaturation. Furthermore, the same conjugation protocols used to bind biomolecules to gold colloid are easily modified for nanoshells. In this article, we first review the synthesis of gold nanoshells and illustrate how the core/shell ratio and overall size of a nanoshell influences its scattering and absorption properties. We then describe several examples of nanoshell-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches including the development of nanoshell bioconjugates for molecular imaging, the use of scattering nanoshells as contrast agents for optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the use of absorbing nanoshells in NIR thermal therapy of tumors.