Pollution of water during underground coal gasification of hard coal and lignite
Pollution of water during underground coal gasification of hard coal and lignite
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuel.2010.11.025
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Stanczyk, Krzysztof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapusta, Krzysztof;Stanczyk, Krzysztof
地下水污染被认为是煤炭地下气化技术最严重的潜在环境风险。在迄今为止进行的不同地下水化学处理作业中，已经确定了各种危险的水污染物，并在某些地点观察到长期的地下水污染。与UCG相关的特征有机污染物主要是酚类、苯及其衍生物、多环芳烃和杂环化合物。在无机阵列中，氨、氰化物、硫酸盐和重金属通常被识别。尽管煤阶对地下气化过程中污染物的形成和释放过程的影响是已知的，但这方面的信息仍然很少。本文研究的主要目的是比较硬煤和褐煤在UCG模拟过程中产生的水污染物的形成和释放过程。这两种类型的煤的污染配置文件的定性和定量描述的显着差异。从分析中得出，污染物的形成是煤阶、煤的元素组成和气化温度的函数。在硬煤气化的情况下，与褐煤相比，工艺水中无机和有机污染物的总负荷显著更高。已经确定反应pH是影响工艺沃茨中重金属浓度的参数。煤的大分子结构和温度是影响有机化合物分布的主要因素。硬煤的高度芳构化结构成为大量芳族化合物的来源;较小的物种（一个或两个环）的贡献仍然很高。对于褐煤，与硬煤相比，高级芳烃的相对贡献更大。(c)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Groundwater pollution is considered the most serious potential environmental risk related to the underground coal gasification technology (UCG). A variety of hazardous water-born contaminants have been identified during different UCG operations conducted so far, and in some locations long-term groundwater contaminations were observed. Characteristic organic UCG-related pollutions are mostly the phenols, benzene with its derivatives, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocycles. In the inorganic array, ammonia, cyanides, sulphates, and heavy metals are usually identified. Although the fact that the coal rank affects the contaminants' formation and release processes during the UCG is known, the information is still scarce. The main goal of the study presented in the paper is the comparison of the processes of formation and release of water contaminants produced during UCG simulations on hard coal and lignite. Significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative description of the contamination profiles were identified for both types of coal. From the analysis it follows that the formation of contaminants is the function of coal rank, the elemental composition of coal, and the gasification temperature. In case of hard coal gasification, the total load of inorganic and organic pollutants in the process water is substantially higher in comparison to lignite. It has been identified that the reaction pH is the parameter affecting concentrations of heavy metals in process waters. The macromolecular structure of coal and temperature were recognized as the main factors governing the distribution of organic compounds. The highly aromatised structure of hard coal becomes the source of substantial quantities of aromatic compounds; still the contribution of smaller species (one or two rings) is high. For lignite, the relative contributions of higher aromatics are greater as compared to hard coal. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.