Bio-functions of Marine Carotenoids
Bio-functions of Marine Carotenoids
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. Hosokawa;T. Okada;N. Mikami;Izumi Konishi;K. Miyashita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Hosokawa;T. Okada;N. Mikami;Izumi Konishi;K. Miyashita
类胡萝卜素是自然界中最重要的色素，由于其对人类健康的有益作用而受到越来越多的关注。海洋类胡萝卜素是一种重要的生物活性化合物，它们的存在，化学和生物功能的好处，他们提供了一个努力。海洋类胡萝卜素的潜在有益作用特别集中于虾青素和岩藻黄质，这两种主要的海洋类胡萝卜素分别存在于海洋动物和水生植物中。两种类胡萝卜素都具有很强的抗氧化活性，这归因于淬灭单线态氧和清除自由基。类胡萝卜素作为膳食抗氧化剂的潜在作用已被认为是它们提供其有益健康效果如抗癌活性和抗氧化作用的主要机制之一。直到最近，抗肥胖作用和抗糖尿病作用才被注意到是岩藻黄素的特异性和新的生物功能。营养基因组学研究表明，岩藻黄质诱导解偶联蛋白1（UCP 1）在白色脂肪组织（WAT）线粒体中表达，导致脂肪酸氧化和WAT产热。岩藻黄质通过下调动物WAT中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）的表达，改善胰岛素抵抗，降低血糖水平。
Carotenoids being most important pigments among those occurring in nature, have received increased interest owing to their beneficial effects on human health. An effort is made to review marine carotenoids as important bioactive compounds with reference to their presence, chemical, and biofunctional benefits they afford. The potential beneficial effects of marine carotenoids were particularly focused on astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, major marine carotenoids found in marine animals and aquatic plants, respectively. Both carotenoids show strong antioxidant activity which is attributed to quenching singlet oxygen and scavenging free radicals. The potential role of the carotenoids as dietary antioxidants has been suggested as being one of the main mechanism by which they afford their beneficial health effects such as anticancer activity and antiinflammatory effect. Only recently, antiobesity effect and antidiabetic effect have been noted as specific and novel biofunctions of fucoxanthin. Nutrigenomic study reveals that fucoxanthin induces uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondria to lead to oxidation of fatty acids and heat production in WAT. Fucoxanthin improves insulin resistance and decreases blood glucose level, at least in part, through the down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in WAT of animals.