Divergent egg physiologies in two closely related grasshopper species: Taeniopoda eques versus Romalea microptera (Orthoptera: Romaleidae).
Divergent egg physiologies in two closely related grasshopper species: Taeniopoda eques versus Romalea microptera (Orthoptera: Romaleidae).
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DOI：
10.1603/en10200
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Whitman DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stauffer TW;Hatle JD;Whitman DW
我们比较了两个密切相关的蝗虫物种在不同的栖息地不同的土壤湿度的卵存活率和卵发育时间：沼泽栖息Romalea microptera（Beauvois）与沙漠栖息Taeniopoda马（Burmeister）。这两个物种可以杂交并产生可存活的后代。在自然界中，这两个物种有一个相似的8-9个月的地下卵阶段，但它们的土壤环境在含水量上有很大的不同。我们预测，这两个物种的鸡蛋将表现出不同的存活率和发育时间在不同的水分水平。我们的实验室结果表明，这两个物种的鸡蛋存活的土壤湿度范围广泛（0.5%至90%），保持3个月。然而，沼泽蝗虫R.在最高土壤湿度（95%和100%）下，荒漠种、小翅蝗卵的耐受性较好;马，更好地容忍最低的土壤水分（0.0和0.1%）。65%的沼泽栖息R. microptera卵，但没有沙漠T.马卵，在水下浸泡3个月后存活。沙漠T.与卵相当，但仅为3.5%。这些卵在放入烘干的沙子中后存活，然后在没有额外的水的情况下维持直到孵化。在26°C的实验室条件下，两种成虫产卵至孵化的平均间隔时间差异显著，R. microptera的平均日龄为237 d，而T.马这些不同的特征可能有利于这些昆虫在不同的栖息地。我们的研究结果表明，进化的生理分歧是一致的适应当地环境。
We compared egg survivorship and egg development time at different soil moistures for two closely related grasshopper species from divergent habitats: marsh-inhabiting Romalea microptera (Beauvois) versus desert-inhabiting Taeniopoda eques (Burmeister). These two species can interbreed and produce viable offspring. In nature, both species have a similar 8–9 mo subterranean egg stage, but their soil environments differ dramatically in water content. We predicted that the eggs of the two species would exhibit differential survivorship and development times under different moisture levels. Our laboratory results show that the eggs of both species survived a wide range of soil moistures (≈ 0.5 to 90%), maintained for 3 mo. However, the eggs of the marsh grasshopper, R. microptera, better tolerated the highest soil moistures (95 and 100%), whereas the eggs of the desert species, T. eques, better tolerated the lowest soil moistures (0.0 and 0.1%). Sixty-five percent of marsh-inhabiting R. microptera eggs, but no desert T. eques eggs, survived 3 mo submersion under water. In contrast, 49% of desert T. eques eggs, but only 3.5% of R. microptera eggs, survived after being laid into oven-dried sand and then maintained with no additional water until hatch. In the laboratory at 26°C, the two species differed significantly in the mean length of the oviposition-to-hatch interval: 176 d for R. microptera versus 237 d for T. eques. These divergent traits presumably benefit these insects in their divergent habitats. Our results suggest the evolution of physiological divergence that is consistent with adaptations to local environments.