Ongoing rubella outbreak among adults in Tokyo, Japan, June 2012 to April 2013
Ongoing rubella outbreak among adults in Tokyo, Japan, June 2012 to April 2013
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DOI：
10.5365/wpsar.2013.4.2.011
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Abo, Mitsuru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugishita, Yoshiyuki;Takahashi, Takuri;Abo, Mitsuru
简介：自2012年6月以来，日本东京出现大规模风疹疫情。日本自1976年开始针对不同年龄组进行风疹疫苗接种，导致目前很大一部分人口未接种疫苗。方法：对2012年1月2日至2013年4月21日东京报告的风疹病例进行分析。临床病例有全身斑丘疹、发热和淋巴结肿大；实验室确诊病例是风疹血清学或聚合酶链反应检测呈阳性的临床病例。按年龄、性别、疫苗接种史等流行病学信息对病例进行描述性分析。结果：东京都各地区共报告病例2382例。四分之三为男性（n = 1823；76.5%）；病例数最多的是35-39岁的男性和20-24岁的女性。大约三分之一的男性 (27%) 和女性 (32%) 表示从未接受过风疹疫苗接种，其中分别有 68% 和 56% 的人接种疫苗状况未知。 讨论：此次疫情反映出日本风疹免疫政策的变化但不完整，可能会增加先天性风疹综合征 (CRS) 的风险。为了抑制风疹的爆发并预防 CRS 病例，我们建议对所有易感人群进行疫苗接种。
Introduction: A large rubella outbreak has been occurring in Tokyo, Japan since June 2012. Rubella vaccination, introduced in Japan in 1976, has targeted different age groups, resulting in a large proportion of the current population being unvaccinated.Methods: Rubella cases reported in Tokyo from 2 January 2012 to 21 April 2013 were analysed. A clinical case had generalized maculopapular rash, fever and lymphadenopathy; a laboratory-confirmed case was a clinical case with a positive serology or polymerase chain reaction test for rubella. A descriptive analysis of cases by age, sex, vaccination history and other epidemiological information was conducted.Results: A total of 2382 cases were reported from all areas of Tokyo. Three-quarters were male (n = 1823; 76.5%); the highest number of cases occurred among males aged 35-39 years and females aged 20-24 years. About a third of males (27%) and females (32%) reported never receiving rubella vaccination, with 68% and 56%, respectively, having an unknown vaccination status.Discussion: This outbreak reflects the changing, yet incomplete, immunization policies for rubella in Japan that may increase the risk of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). To suppress the outbreak of rubella and prevent CRS cases, we recommend vaccination for the entire susceptible population.