Design of a controllable shape-memory-actuator with mechanical lock function
Design of a controllable shape-memory-actuator with mechanical lock function
复制标题
具有机械锁定功能的可控形状记忆执行器的设计
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Norman Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Neugebauer;W. Drossel;K. Pagel;A. Bucht;Norman Anders
用于小零件的机床的特点是工作空间和横截面之间存在广泛的不平衡。这主要是由于驱动器和导向元件小型化的限制造成的。形状记忆合金(SMA)由于其高的比负荷和相对较小的空间要求，在小型机械中作为小型化的定位装置具有突出的潜力。然而，已知的致动器配置的一个缺点是能量被稳定地消耗以保持所定义的位置，例如SMA钢丝靠机械弹簧工作。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的SMA执行器设计，由于两个SMA元件的对抗性布置，在保持位置时只需要最小的能量。从材料、几何参数、外加载荷和控制等方面对形状记忆合金驱动器进行了设计。此外，还实现了用于定位应用的闭环控制概念。这些方法不仅包括使用传感器的方法，而且还包括利用SMA独特的长度-阻力-相关性进行位置控制的无传感器概念。此外，一个执行器演示器已经被用来演示作为小型机器中的微型定位装置的设计能力。此外，还将SMA执行器的新颖设计概念与常用的方法进行了比较。
Machine tools for small work pieces are characterized by an extensive disproportion between workspace and cross section. This is mainly caused by limitations in the miniaturization of drives and guidance elements. Due to their high specific workloads and relatively small spatial requirements, Shape-Memory-Alloys (SMA) possess an outstanding potential to serve as miniaturized positioning devices in small machines. However, a disadvantage of known actuator configurations, such as SMA wire working against a mechanical spring, is that energy is steadily consumed to hold defined positions. In this paper we present a novel SMA actuator design, which, due to an antagonistic arrangement of two SMA elements does only require a minimum amount of energy whilst holding position. The SMA actuators were designed regarding material, geometrical parameters, applied load, and control aspects. Furthermore, closed loop control concepts for positioning applications are implemented. These not only cover approaches using sensors, but also sensorless concepts which utilize the distinctive length - resistance - correlation of SMAs for position controlling. Furthermore, an actuator demonstrator has been used to demonstrate the designs capabilities to serve as miniaturized positioning device in small machines. In addition the novel design concept of the SMA actuator will be compared with commonly used approaches.