Neuropsychological performance in patients with schizophrenia and controls as a function of cigarette smoking status.
Neuropsychological performance in patients with schizophrenia and controls as a function of cigarette smoking status.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.037
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发表时间：
2011-08-15
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
George TP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wing VC;Bacher I;Sacco KA;George TP
精神分裂症与许多神经认知缺陷有关，其中一些可以通过尼古丁和吸烟得到改善。为了更好地了解精神分裂症患者吸烟与认知功能之间的关系，对临床稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者和对照组进行了神经心理表现与吸烟状态（吸烟者或非吸烟者）和吸烟史（目前、曾经或从不吸烟）的横断面评估。根据吸烟史的自述和生化验证，将140名受试者分为亚组。目前患有精神分裂症的吸烟者（n=38）、曾经患有精神分裂症的吸烟者（n=17）、从未患有精神分裂症的吸烟者（n=12）、对照吸烟者（n=31）、对照曾经吸烟者（n=16）和对照从未吸烟者（n=26）接受了全面的神经心理学测试。在非剥夺条件下对吸烟者进行了研究。精神分裂症患者的神经心理表现与对照组的比较显示诊断的主效应显著。数据作为吸烟史的功能分析表明，与其他精神分裂症亚组相比，从不吸烟的精神分裂症患者在持续注意力、处理速度和反应抑制方面表现最差。吸烟没有改变对照组的神经心理表现。我们的研究结果表明，与非精神病学对照组相比，吸烟状况和吸烟史对精神分裂症患者神经心理结果的影响存在差异，并且从不吸烟者可能会出现更严重的神经认知障碍。
Schizophrenia is associated with many neurocognitive deficits, some of which are improved by nicotine and cigarette smoking. To better understand the relationship between smoking and cognitive function in schizophrenia, cross-sectional assessment of neuropsychological performance as a function of smoking status (smoker or non-smoker) and smoking history (current, former or never-smoker) in clinically-stable outpatients with schizophrenia and controls was evaluated. Subjects (N=140) were divided into subgroups on the basis of self-report and biochemical verification of smoking history. Current smokers with schizophrenia (n=38), former smokers with schizophrenia (n=17), never-smokers with schizophrenia (n=12), control smokers (n=31), control former smokers (n=16), and control never-smokers (n=26) were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Smokers were studied under non-deprivation conditions. Comparison of neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia and control subjects revealed significant main effects of diagnosis. Analysis of the data as a function of smoking history demonstrated that never-smokers with schizophrenia performed the poorest on measures of sustained attention, processing speed and response inhibition, when compared to the other schizophrenia subgroups. Cigarette smoking did not alter neuropsychological performance in controls. Our findings suggest that smoking status and history differentially alters neuropsychological outcomes in schizophrenia compared to non-psychiatric controls, and that never-smokers may present with more severe neurocognitive impairments.