Cancer research and innovation: conceptualising a persistent anomaly
Cancer research and innovation: conceptualising a persistent anomaly
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DOI：
10.1080/14479338.2023.2204322
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发表时间：
2023-04-29
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Gagliardi，Dimitri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu，Yingyong;Gagliardi，Dimitri
在过去的二十年里，癌症治疗的努力在科学发现和新的治疗方案的发展方面取得了迅速的进展。医疗创新有助于显著提高癌症患者的生存率。然而，癌症仍然是导致死亡的主要原因之一，也是全世界最紧迫的公共卫生挑战之一。我们提出了一个解释性的镜头，将“异常”的概念作为新技术范式的驱动因素，以解释医学创新特别是癌症治疗方面的新发展。我们使用创新门户和创新途径的镜头来研究如何组织(i)知识生成，（ii）技术应用和（iii）新的临床方法的出现和改进。我们采用历史/纵向方法，对三个“说明性”癌症病例进行研究和临床结果。癌症是一种异质性的、复杂的疾病，并在不断发展；因此，它仍然是一个“持续的异常”。研究和临床创新活动最近在了解该疾病的具体方面取得了重大进展，并在一些领域产生了真正创新的治疗选择，而在其他领域，进展滞后。与此同时，研究和创新活动已用于改进现有技术、药物和诊断方法，为相关疾病领域提供改进的治疗解决方案。纵观其最近的历史，癌症研究和创新促进了几种解决该疾病不同方面的新范式，产生了与已建立和改进的做法一起实施的新轨迹。
In the last two decades, efforts in cancer treatment have been progressing rapidly in terms of scientific discoveries and development of new therapeutic solutions. Medical innovation contributes to significant survival gains for cancer patients. Yet, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death and one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide. We propose an interpretative lens that refers to the idea of ‘anomaly’ as a driver of new technological paradigms to interpret new and emerging developments in medical innovation and in cancer treatment in particular. We use the lens of gateways to innovation and pathways of innovation to investigate how the organisation of (i) knowledge generation, (ii) technological applications and (iii) new clinical approaches emerge and are refined. We adopt a historical/longitudinal method following research and clinical outcomes in three ‘illustrative’ cases of cancer. Cancer is a heterogeneous, complex disease and is constantly evolving; thus, it remains a ‘persistent anomaly’. Research and clinical innovation activities have recently made great strides in understanding specific aspects of the disease and generated truly innovative therapeutic options in some areas, whilst in other areas, progress is lagging. At the same time, research and innovation activities have been employed to refine existing techniques, drugs and diagnostics providing improved treatment solutions across the related disease areas. Throughout its recent history, cancer research and innovation promoted several new paradigms tackling different aspects of the disease engendering new trajectories that have been implemented in conjunction with established and improved practices.