OPTIMAL LIFE HISTORIES UNDER AGE-SPECIFIC PREDATION
OPTIMAL LIFE HISTORIES UNDER AGE-SPECIFIC PREDATION
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DOI：
10.1086/283488
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
LAW, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LAW, R
如果捕食者优先捕食某些年龄的作物，它可能是作为选择的代理人，导致被捕食者种群的基因变化。一个生活史进化模型被用来研究几种特定年龄捕食模式的一些选择性后果。该模型允许资源分配用于繁殖、生长和维持在I级年龄段是不同的。根据几个假设，对i岁以下个体的捕食增加会导致在i岁时选择较低的繁殖率。对i岁和/或等于i的个体的捕食增加会导致选择较高的繁殖率。如果这两个年龄段的个体都被修剪，最优的繁殖率可能会增加，也可能会减少。唯一不发生变化的情况是，如果所有个体，无论年龄，都有可能被剪裁，或者如果捕食对年轻和老年阶层的影响完全相互抵消。讨论了这些结果对人类开发的人口管理的影响。
If a predator crops preys certain ages in preference to others, it may be acting as an agent of selection, causing genetic change in the prey population. A model of life-history evolution was adapted to investigate some selective consequences of several patterns of age-specific predation. The model allows allocation of resources to reproduction, growth and maintenance in an age class i to be varied. Subject to several assumptions, increasing predation on individuals younger than i leads to selection for lower rates of reproduction at age i. Increasing predation on individuals older than and/or equal to i leads to selection for greater rates of reproduction. If individuals from both these age ranges are cropped, the optimal rate of reproduction may either increase or decrease. The only circumstance under which no change occurs arises if all individuals irrespective of age are liable to be cropped, or if the effects of predation on younger and older age classes exactly cancel one another. The implications of these results to the management of populations exploited by man are discussed.