New function of a well-known promoter: Enhancer activity of minimal CMV promoter enables efficient dual-cassette transgene expression.

New function of a well-known promoter: Enhancer activity of minimal CMV promoter enables efficient dual-cassette transgene expression.
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DOI:
10.1002/jgm.3380
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
The journal of gene medicine
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其他
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通过使用两个启动子和/或应用病毒2A肽或内部核糖体进入位点(IRES),在单个载体中共表达多个基因已经获得了不同程度的成功。然而,启动子干扰、2A产生的残肽对表达蛋白的潜在功能中断或IRES介导的下游基因的较弱翻译限制了它们的利用。因此,需要稳健表达多种蛋白质的单一载体用于增强的基因治疗应用。我们设计了慢病毒载体,用于使用延伸因子1α(EF)启动子和猿猴病毒40启动子(Sv)的短版本(Es)在单向或双向结构中表达绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和mCherry。在NIH 3 T3(成纤维细胞)和造血细胞系U937(单核细胞/巨噬细胞)、LCL(淋巴样细胞)、DAMI(巨核细胞)和MEL(红细胞)中,以细胞谱系特异性研究了来自人巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子的核心片段(cC)的调节功能。反向cC元件不仅在DAMI、U937和3 T3细胞中将上游Es启动子提高到与全长EF相当的水平,而且在U937和3 T3细胞中阻断Es对下游Sv启动子的抑制,并进一步提高DAMI细胞中的Sv活性。这种谱系限制性上调可能归因于cC的两个蛋白结合结构域和不同细胞类型中增强子和终止子活性的相关因子的多样表达,但不是间隔功能。这种新开发的双盒载体在造血细胞介导的基因/癌症治疗中可能是特别有利的,因为其允许治疗基因和/或与选择性基因或成像标记在相同细胞中的独立和稳健的共表达。
Co-expression of multiple genes in single vectors has achieved varying degrees of success by employing two promoters and/or with application of viral 2A-peptide or internal ribosome entry-site (IRES). However, promoter interference, potential functional-interruption of expressed-proteins by 2A-generated residual peptides or weaker translation of IRES-mediated downstream gene curtail their utilization. Thus, there is the need of single vectors that robustly express multiple proteins for enhanced gene therapy applications. We engineered lentiviral-vectors for dual-cassette expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and mCherry in uni- or bidirectional architectures using short-version (Es) of elongation factor 1α (EF) promoter and simian virus 40 promoter (Sv). The regulatory function of a core fragment (cC) from human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter was investigated with cell-lineage specificity in NIH3T3 (fibroblast) and hematopoietic cell lines U937 (monocyte/macrophage), LCL (lymphoid), DAMI (megakaryocyte), and MEL (erythroid). The cC element in reverse-orientation not only boosted upstream Es promoter to levels comparable to full-length EF in DAMI, U937 and 3T3 cells, but also blocked the suppression of downstream Sv promoter by Es in U937 and 3T3 cells with further improved Sv activity in DAMI cells. Such lineage-restricted upregulation is likely attributed by two protein-binding domains of cC and diverse expression of related factors in different cell types for enhancer and terminator activities, but not spacing function. Such newly developed dual-cassette vector could be advantageous particularly in hematopoietic cell-mediated gene/cancer therapy by allowing for independent and robust co-expression of therapeutic gene(s) and/or with a selectable gene or imaging marker in the same cells.
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