Pupil diameter encodes the idiosyncratic, cognitive complexity of belief updating
Pupil diameter encodes the idiosyncratic, cognitive complexity of belief updating
复制标题
DOI：
10.7554/elife.57872
复制
发表时间：
2020-05-18
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Gold, Joshua, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filipowicz, Alexandre L. S.;Glaze, Christopher M.;Gold, Joshua, I
瞳孔往往会对令人惊讶的事件做出反应，但目前尚不清楚这些反应主要是刺激驱动的，还是反映了与瞳孔相关的唤醒系统和认知预期之间更微妙的关系。通过使用听觉适应性决策任务，我们发现，与低水平刺激特性的变化相比，被唤起的瞳孔直径更简单地描述为对习得的、自上而下的期望的信号违反。我们进一步表明，基线和诱发瞳孔直径都受到个体受试者使用这些违规行为更新其后续期望的程度的调节，这反映在他们更新策略的复杂性上。综上所述，这些结果表明，在唤醒系统对新输入的反应中，特质认知处理发挥了核心作用，并且通过我们基于复杂性的分析，为理解旨在减少信念不确定性的推理过程和更传统的心理努力概念方面的这些影响提供了一个潜在的框架。
Pupils tend to dilate in response to surprising events, but it is not known whether these responses are primarily stimulus driven or instead reflect a more nuanced relationship between pupil-linked arousal systems and cognitive expectations. Using an auditory adaptive decision-making task, we show that evoked pupil diameter is more parsimoniously described as signaling violations of learned, top-down expectations than changes in low-level stimulus properties. We further show that both baseline and evoked pupil diameter is modulated by the degree to which individual subjects use these violations to update their subsequent expectations, as reflected in the complexity of their updating strategy. Together these results demonstrate a central role for idiosyncratic cognitive processing in how arousal systems respond to new inputs and, via our complexity-based analyses, offer a potential framework for understanding these effects in terms of both inference processes aimed to reduce belief uncertainty and more traditional notions of mental effort.