[Single-domain antibody - advances in research and application].
[Single-domain antibody - advances in research and application].
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DOI：
10.13345/j.cjb.180076
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发表时间：
2018-12-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yuan, Quan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang, Xiaozhen;Cao, Jiali;Yuan, Quan
传统的 IgG 由重链和轻链组成。轻链具有 1 个可变区 (VL) 和 1 个恒定区 (CL) 结构域，而重链具有 1 个可变区 (VH) 和 3 个恒定区结构域 (CH1、CH2 和 CH3)。单域抗体（sdAb）是由重链可变域组成、完全不含轻链的抗体。由于其尺寸小，也被称为纳米抗体。尽管sdAb结构简单，但它可以表现出与传统抗体相当甚至更好的抗原结合亲和力。与常规抗体相比，sdAb 的代表性优点是体积小、稳定性高、重组表达简单。近年来，科学家们对sdAb在基础生物医学研究和临床应用中的作用越来越感兴趣。本文综述了sdAb的结构特点、理化性质、筛选策略和应用最新进展。
Conventional IgG is composed of heavy and light chains. The light chain has one variable region (VL) and one constant region (CL) domain, whereas the heavy chain has one variable region (VH) and three constant region domains (CH1, CH2 and CH3). Single domain antibody (sdAb) is a kind of antibody that is composed of a variable domain of heavy chain and devoid of the light chain completely. Due to its small size, it is also called as nanobody. Although the sdAb has a simple structure, it can exhibit a comparable even better antigen-binding affinity than conventional antibody. Compared with conventional antibody, the small size, high stability and simplicity in recombinant expression are representative advantages of sdAb. In recent years, scientists are becoming increasingly interested in the roles of sdAb in fundamental biomedical research and clinical application. In this review, we summarized the structural features, physicochemical properties, screening strategies and recent advances in application of sdAb.