Drought supersedes warming in determining volatile and tissue defenses of piñon pine (Pinus edulis)
Drought supersedes warming in determining volatile and tissue defenses of piñon pine (Pinus edulis)
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干旱取代变暖决定了松树（Pinus edulis）的挥发性和组织防御能力
DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ab1493
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Monson, Russell K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trowbridge, Amy M.;Stoy, Paul C.;Adams, Henry D.;Law, Darin J.;Breshears, David D.;Helmig, Detlev;Monson, Russell K.
由于干旱、气候变暖和生物攻击，全球树木正在遭受死亡。迄今为止，还没有研究过增温和干旱对原位树木对草食的化学防御的综合影响。为了解决这个问题，我们将成熟的piñon松树——一种经过充分研究的物种，经历了广泛的干旱和草食动物相关的死亡——移植到它们的原生林地栖息地和一个更热更干燥的栖息地，并测量了整个生长季节的单萜烯排放和浓度。我们假设，在炎热干燥的地区，较高的针叶温度会增加单萜烯的排放率，从而降低针叶单萜烯的浓度，并且这种温度效应将主导单萜烯浓度的季节模式，无论干旱与否。为了支持我们的假设，移植到炎热干燥地区的树木的针单萜烯浓度在所有季节都较低。与我们的假设相反，基础辐射率（辐射率归一化到30℃，辐射通量为1000 μmol m−2 s−1）在不同地点之间没有差异。这是因为高温干燥地区平均气温升高1.5℃造成的排放量增加，被更大的植物水分胁迫造成的排放量减少所抵消。在6月份，高排放率频繁出现，这与植物生理或环境因素无关，但在- 2 MPa （piñon松的近似零碳同化点）以下不会发生。当黎明前叶片水势小于- 2 MPa时，排放速率也不受环境或植物生理的控制。我们的研究结果表明，干旱可能超越温度对单萜烯排放和组织浓度的影响，干旱的影响可能通过对整体针状碳平衡敏感的代谢过程发生。
Trees are suffering mortality across the globe as a result of drought, warming, and biotic attacks. The combined effects of warming and drought on in situ tree chemical defenses against herbivory have not been studied to date. To address this, we transplanted mature piñon pine trees—a well-studied species that has undergone extensive drought and herbivore-related mortality—within their native woodland habitat and also to a hotter-drier habitat and measured monoterpene emissions and concentrations across the growing season. We hypothesized that greater needle temperatures in the hotter-drier site would increase monoterpene emission rates and consequently lower needle monoterpene concentrations, and that this temperature effect would dominate the seasonal pattern of monoterpene concentrations regardless of drought. In support of our hypothesis, needle monoterpene concentrations were lower across all seasons in trees transplanted to the hotter-drier site. Contrary to our hypothesis, basal emission rates (emission rates normalized to 30 C and a radiative flux of 1000 μmol m− 2 s− 1) did not differ between sites. This is because an increase in emissions at the hotter-drier site from a 1.5 C average temperature increase was offset by decreased emissions from greater plant water stress. High emission rates were frequently observed during June, which were not related to plant physiological or environmental factors but did not occur below pre-dawn leaf water potentials of− 2 MPa, the approximate zero carbon assimilation point in piñon pine. Emission rates were also not under environmental or plant physiological control when pre-dawn leaf water potential was less than− 2 MPa. Our results suggest that drought may override the effects of temperature on monoterpene emissions and tissue concentrations, and that the influence of drought may occur through metabolic processes sensitive to the overall needle carbon balance.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
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作者：
M. Staudt;S. Rambal;R. Joffre;J. Kesselmeier
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
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影响因子：
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AKAIKE, H
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