The Analysis of Heat Transfer in Automotive Turbochargers
The Analysis of Heat Transfer in Automotive Turbochargers
复制标题
汽车涡轮增压器传热分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Dris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Baines;Karl D. Wygant;A. Dris
车用涡轮增压器中的热传递包括大量的能量流动，但在任何涡轮增压器性能评估中很少被测量或考虑。已有的测量表明，在绝热条件下，用流体温度变化的传统方法计算的涡轮效率差与通常的非绝热试验条件有很大的不同，特别是在低涡轮压比时。在本文所述的工作中，为了进行全面的温度测量，在三台商用涡轮增压器上广泛地在所有可接近的外表面和内表面上安装了热电偶。涡轮增压器在涡轮进口温度和外部通风范围内运行。还进行了绝热试验作为参考条件。在温度测量的基础上，计算了从涡轮气体到涡轮增压器结构、从那里到润滑油和压缩机的内部热流，以及到环境的外部热流。结果表明，涡轮增压器的一维传热网络模型能够很好地模拟热流密度，所需的换热系数与所测试的涡轮增压器基本无关。
Heat transfers in an automotive turbocharger comprise significant energy flows, but are rarely measured or accounted for in any turbocharger performance assessment. Existing measurements suggest that the difference in turbine efficiency calculated in the conventional way, by means of the fluid temperature change, under adiabatic conditions differs considerably from the usual diabatic test conditions, particularly at low turbine pressure ratio. In the work described in this paper, three commercial turbochargers were extensively instrumented with thermocouples on all accessible external and internal surfaces in order to make comprehensive temperature surveys. The turbochargers were run at ranges of turbine inlet temperature and external ventilation. Adiabatic tests were also carried out to serve as a reference condition. Based on the temperature measurements, the internal heat fluxes from the turbine gas to the turbocharger structure and from there to the lubricating oil and the compressor, and the external heat fluxes to the environment were calculated. A one-dimensional heat transfer network model of the turbocharger was demonstrated to be able to simulate the heat fluxes to good accuracy, and the heat transfer coefficients required were ultimately found to be mostly independent of the turbochargers tested.