The Solar Cycle.
The Solar Cycle.
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DOI：
10.1007/lrsp-2015-4
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
20.9
通讯作者：
Hathaway DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hathaway DH
太阳活动周期是回顾。太阳活动的11年周期的特点是太阳黑子的数量和表面积的上升和下降。其他一些太阳活动指标也与太阳黑子有关，包括：10.7厘米射电通量、太阳总辐照度、磁场、耀斑和日冕物质抛射、地磁活动、银河宇宙线通量以及树木年轮和冰芯中的放射性同位素。单个太阳活动周期的特征包括极大值和极小值、周期和振幅、周期形状、活动纬度向赤道漂移、半球不对称性和活动赤道。周期与周期之间的变化包括蒙德极小期、格雷斯堡周期和格涅维舍夫-奥尔（奇偶）规则。短期变率包括154天周期、准两年变率和双峰最大值。最后，我们检查太阳活动周期的预测技术，并仔细研究第23和24周。本文的补充材料可在10.1007/lrsp-2015-4中找到。
The solar cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots including; the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, flares and coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic activity, galactic cosmic ray fluxes, and radioisotopes in tree rings and ice cores. Individual solar cycles are characterized by their maxima and minima, cycle periods and amplitudes, cycle shape, the equatorward drift of the active latitudes, hemispheric asymmetries, and active longitudes. Cycle-to-cycle variability includes the Maunder Minimum, the Gleissberg Cycle, and the Gnevyshev-Ohl (even-odd) Rule. Short-term variability includes the 154-day periodicity, quasi-biennial variations, and double-peaked maxima. We conclude with an examination of prediction techniques for the solar cycle and a closer look at cycles 23 and 24. Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/lrsp-2015-4.