Care for Child Development: an intervention in support of responsive caregiving and early child development
Care for Child Development: an intervention in support of responsive caregiving and early child development
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DOI：
10.1111/cch.12544
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Daelmans, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucas, J. E.;Richter, L. M.;Daelmans, B.
据估计，在5岁以下的儿童中，有43%面临着无法实现其人类潜能的高风险。为此，世界卫生组织和儿童基金会根据儿童发展科学制定了儿童发展护理方案，以改善敏感和有针对性的照料工作，促进幼儿的心理社会发展。方法2015年，世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会确定了实施和维持CCD的地点。我们对这些网站进行了调查，并通过电话采访对反馈进行了跟踪。项目报告提供了关于其他场址的资料，并审查了已发表的研究报告，以证明共同协调方案在改善儿童和家庭结果方面的有效性，以及在资源有限的社区实施该方案的可行性。结果清查发现，在19个国家和23个地点，儿童生存、保健、营养、婴儿日托、早期教育、家庭和儿童保护以及残疾儿童服务等不同部门的现有服务中，已纳入了共同适应能力方案。已发表和未发表的评价都发现，综合防治措施可以改善儿童的发育、生长和健康，以及相应的照料。据报道，它还可以减少产妇抑郁症，这是导致妊娠结果不佳和儿童健康、生长和发育不佳的已知风险因素。虽然“共同防治疾病”已扩展到最初的实施地点之外，但只有三个国家报告说，它们在将“共同防治疾病”纳入保健或其他服务方面提供了国家政策支持。结论：许多国家对保护和支持儿童的最佳发展有着浓厚的兴趣，而不仅仅是儿童生存。联合国可持续发展目标的实现有赖于儿童发挥潜力，培养健康、情感、认知和社会胜任的后代。需要更多的研究来指导CCD方法在不同条件下的整合。然而，现在是适当的时候，扩大共同防治疾病方案，使之成为家庭和儿童服务的一部分。
BackgroundAn estimated 43% of children younger than 5years of age are at elevated risk of failing to achieve their human potential. In response, the World Health Organization and UNICEF developed Care for Child Development (CCD), based on the science of child development, to improve sensitive and responsive caregiving and promote the psychosocial development of young children.MethodsIn 2015, the World Health Organization and UNICEF identified sites where CCD has been implemented and sustained. The sites were surveyed, and responses were followed up by phone interviews. Project reports provided information on additional sites, and a review of published studies was undertaken to document the effectiveness of CCD for improving child and family outcomes, as well as its feasibility for implementation in resource-constrained communities.ResultsThe inventory found that CCD had been integrated into existing services in diverse sectors in 19 countries and 23 sites, including child survival, health, nutrition, infant day care, early education, family and child protection and services for children with disabilities. Published and unpublished evaluations have found that CCD interventions can improve child development, growth and health, as well as responsive caregiving. It has also been reported to reduce maternal depression, a known risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes and poor child health, growth and development. Although CCD has expanded beyond initial implementation sites, only three countries reported having national policy support for integrating CCD into health or other services.ConclusionsStrong interest exists in many countries to move beyond child survival to protect and support optimal child development. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals depend on children realizing their potential to build healthy and emotionally, cognitively and socially competent future generations. More studies are needed to guide the integration of the CCD approach under different conditions. Nevertheless, the time is right to provide for the scale-up of CCD as part of services for families and children.