Uptake of Dietary Sodium Restriction by Overweight and Obese Patients After Cardiac Revascularization.
Uptake of Dietary Sodium Restriction by Overweight and Obese Patients After Cardiac Revascularization.
复制标题
心脏血运重建后超重和肥胖患者限制饮食钠的摄入。
DOI：
10.1002/rnj.205
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barnason,Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young,Lufei;Barnason,Susan
目的：高钠摄入增加心血管疾病的风险。建议心脏病患者每日限钠≤ 1，500 mg。本文的目的是描述每日钠摄入量和钠限制依从性及其相关性的心脏康复（CR）计划参与者在心脏血运重建术后。设计：这是一个描述性相关性研究。方法：使用随机对照试验收集的数据进行亚分析，以确定12周体重管理干预的效果。结果：基线时平均每日钠摄入量为3，020 mg± 1，134，4个月时为4，047 mg± 1，517，6个月时为4，399 mg± 1，722。基线时依从率为4.8%，4个月和6个月时为0。结论：CR计划参与者未能遵守钠限制指南。临床相关性：康复护士需要确定有效的策略来教育CR参与者及其家庭成员关于CR参与者饮食钠的依从性。背景高钠摄入对已确诊心血管疾病（CVD）患者发病率和死亡率的不良影响有充分的记录（Jummajer & Neal，2013; Mc Causland，Waikar，& Brunelli，2012; Strazzullo，D'Elia，Kandala，& Cappuccio，2009; Taylor，Ashton，Moxham，Hooper，& Ebrahim，2011）。减少钠摄入可使随后的心血管事件减少多达25%（Cook等人，2007年）。在一项长期临床试验中，低钠摄入可独立降低心血管发病率和死亡率（Middeke，2012）。实验研究已经证明了钠摄入量和血压之间的独立剂量-反应关系，血压是CVD的主要风险因素（Cook，Kumanyika，Cutler，Whelton，& Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group 2005; Lin et al.，2007; Rambod & Tolouian，2012; Sacks等人，2001年）。当患有高血压和高血压前期的患者在12至48个月的时间内将每日钠摄入量减少至小于2，300 mg时，他们的收缩压降低1.2-3.7 mmHg，舒张压降低0.7-2.0 mmHg（高血压预防合作研究组的试验，1997;阿佩尔等人，2001;中国食盐替代研究协作组，2007; Kumanyika等，1993; Lasser等人，1995年）。
Purpose:High sodium intake increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac patients are recommended a daily sodium restriction of≤ 1,500 mg. The purpose of this article is to describe daily sodium intake and sodium restriction adherence and its correlates in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program participants following cardiac revascularizations.Design:This is a descriptive correlational study.Methods:A subanalysis was performed using the data collected from a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of a 12-week weight management intervention.Findings:The average daily sodium intake was 3,020 mg±1,134 at baseline, 4,047 mg±1,517 at 4 months, and 4,399 mg±1,722 at 6 months. The adherence rates were 4.8% at baseline and zero at 4 and 6 months. The factors influencing daily sodium intake were identified.Conclusion:The CR program participants failed to adhere to the sodium restriction guidelines.Clinical relevance:Rehabilitation nurses need to identify effective strategies to educate CR participants and their family members regarding dietary sodium adherence in CR participants.BackgroundThe adverse effects of high sodium intake on morbidity and mortality in people with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well documented (Celermajer & Neal, 2013; Mc Causland, Waikar, & Brunelli, 2012; Strazzullo, D'Elia, Kandala, & Cappuccio, 2009; Taylor, Ashton, Moxham, Hooper, & Ebrahim, 2011). Decreased sodium intake reduces subsequent cardiovascular events by as much as 25%(Cook et al., 2007). In a long-term clinical trial, a low sodium intake independently reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Middeke, 2012). Experimental studies have demonstrated an independent dose–response relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure, a leading risk factor for CVD (Cook, Kumanyika, Cutler, Whelton, & Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group 2005; Lin et al., 2007; Rambod & Tolouian, 2012; Sacks et al., 2001). When patients with hypertension and prehypertension decreased daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg over a 12-to 48-month period, they reduced their systolic blood pressure by 1.2–3.7 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 0.7–2.0 mmHg (Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group, 1997; Appel et al., 2001; China Salt Substitute Study Collaborative Group, 2007; Kumanyika et al., 1993; Lasser et al., 1995).