Predictors of Error in Estimates of Blood Alcohol Concentration: A Replication
Predictors of Error in Estimates of Blood Alcohol Concentration: A Replication
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2009.70.683
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Croff, Julie M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clapp, John D.;Min, Jon Won;Croff, Julie M.
目的：确定酒吧顾客样本中估计血液酒精浓度（eBAC）误差的预测因素。方法：从32家酒吧随机抽取666名顾客（43.6%为女性）。顾客被要求在进出酒吧时向手持式呼气酒精浓度测试装置提供呼气样本。顾客们还在入口和出口处完成了简短的调查。为了进行分析，该样本根据顾客在进入酒吧之前是否饮酒进行分层。使用马修斯和米勒公式（1979）计算BAC估计值。基于eBAC相对于呼气酒精浓度的估计准确度创建了三类因变量：准确（0.02以内）、BAC低估和BAC高估。结果：在到达酒吧前喝酒的人中，29%的eBAC准确，32.3%被低估，38.8%被高估。对于那些只在酒吧喝酒的人，42.0%是准确的，20.8%是低估的，37.7%是高估的。在那些参加酒吧之前喝酒的人中，参加酒吧之前喝的饮料数量与eBAC低估显著相关。在那些只在酒吧喝酒的人中，高估的预测因素包括女性，喝得更多，喝得更久。结论：eBAC的准确性最差。在早期的一项关于缔约方的研究中，eBAC经常被低估;在酒吧环境中，eBAC经常被高估。需要更多的研究来了解设置对eBAC计算的作用。(J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs 70：683-688，2009）
Objective: To identify predictors of error in estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) in a sample of bar patrons. Method: Six hundred sixty-six patrons (43.6% female) were randomly sampled from 32 bars. Patrons were asked to provide a breath sample into a handheld breath alcohol concentration test unit upon entrance and exit from the bar. Patrons also completed a brief survey at entrance and exit. For analyses, this sample was stratified by whether patrons consumed alcohol before attending the bar. Estimates of BAC were calculated using Matthews and Miller's formula (1979). A three-category dependent variable was created based on the estimation accuracy of eBAC relative to breath alcohol concentration: accurate (within .02), underestimate of BAC, and overestimate of BAC. Results: Of those that drank before arriving at the bar, 29% of eBACs were accurate, 32.3% were underestimates, and 38.8% were overestimates. For those who drank only at the bar, 42.0% were accurate, 20.8% were underestimates, and 37.7% were overestimates. Among those who drank before attending the bar, the number of drinks consumed before attending the bar was significantly related to eBAC underestimate. Among those who drank only at the bar, predictors of overestimate included being female, drinking more, and drinking longer. Conclusions: The accuracy of eBAC is poor at best. In an earlier study of parties, eBACs were Often underestimated; in the bar setting, eBACs were often overestimated. More research is needed to understand the role of setting on eBAC calculations. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs 70: 683-688, 2009)