Platinized counter-electrodes for dye-sensitised solar cells from waste thermocouples: A case study for resource efficiency, industrial symbiosis and circular economy
Platinized counter-electrodes for dye-sensitised solar cells from waste thermocouples: A case study for resource efficiency, industrial symbiosis and circular economy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.125
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发表时间：
2018-11-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Watson, Trystan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charles, Rhys G.;Douglas, Peter;Watson, Trystan M.
报道了一项关于从废热电偶中回收铂并用于制备适用于染料敏化太阳能电池生产的催化电极的当地工业共生研究。金属铸造厂每年丢弃数千个废旧热电偶丝中的少量铂，可以通过转化为氯铂酸水合物来经济地回收，这是一种“附加值”产品，然后可以用于制造染料敏化太阳能电池反电极。通过王水消化手工分离的细丝，从细丝中以氯铂酸水合物形式回收铂达到91%。成本效益分析表明，拟议的过程中产生足够的价值，以支付垃圾填埋场的成本是什么是剩下的废热电偶铂去除后，提供类似的5天就业，并提供63%的材料成本节约电极制备相比，购买市售氯铂酸水合物。拟议的当地工业共生体每年将从垃圾填埋场转移约50克铂，避免与等量铂的初级生产相关的高达1400公斤的二氧化碳排放，并提供足够的铂来生产类似于500米（2）染料敏化太阳能电池的催化电极，这可以为当地12个家庭提供清洁能源。这一过程通过采用循环做法，利用当地经济中可获得的二次材料，通过对废物进行价值评估，来证明可获得的环境、经济和社会效益。该工艺还克服了从耗散应用中回收关键原材料（CRM）的经济障碍。(C)2018作者爱思唯尔有限公司出版
A study of a local industrial symbiosis involving the recovery of platinum from waste thermocouples which is then used for the preparation of catalytic electrodes suitable for dye-sensitized solar cell production is reported. The small quantity of platinum in the filaments of used thermocouples, thousands of which are discarded each year by metal foundries, can be economically recovered by conversion to chloroplatinic acid hydrate, an 'added value' product, which can then be used in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell counter-electrodes. 91% recovery of platinum from filaments as chloroplatinic acid hydrate has been achieved by aqua regia digestion of manually isolated filaments. Cost-benefit analysis shows the proposed process derives sufficient value to cover landfill costs for what is left of the waste thermocouples after platinum removal; provide similar to 5 days employment; and provide 63% materials cost savings for electrode preparation in comparison to purchasing commercially available chloroplatinic acid hydrate. The proposed local industrial symbiosis would, per year, divert similar to 50 g of platinum from landfill, avoid up to 1400 kg of CO2 emissions associated with primary production of an equivalent quantity of platinum, and give enough platinum to produce catalytic electrodes for similar to 500 m(2) of dye-sensitized solar cells, which could supply clean energy for 12 homes in the locality. The process exemplifies the environmental, economic and social benefits available through adoption of circular practices, which make use of secondary materials available within the local economy by valorizing wastes. The process also overcomes economic barriers to critical raw materials (CRMs) recovery from dissipative applications. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.