BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A CRUDE VENOM EXTRACT FROM THE GREATER WEEVER FISH TRACHINUS-DRACO
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A CRUDE VENOM EXTRACT FROM THE GREATER WEEVER FISH TRACHINUS-DRACO
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DOI：
10.1016/0041-0101(92)90503-w
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
DREYER, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHHATWAL, I;DREYER, F
对大衣鱼(Trachinus Draco)的粗毒进行了分析，以评价其毒性、稳定性和生物学特性。在-70℃冷藏条件下，采用生理盐水提取整个毒液器官，可获得最佳的毒液产量。这种提取物有一种小鼠静脉注射。从一条鱼的毒液中获得了每克小鼠1.8mU-g的最小致死量，总共获得了6.1万个最小致死量。其致死活性在室温下不稳定，特别是在较低的蛋白质浓度下。稳定性是通过将提取物储存在-70℃或用50%饱和的硫酸铵沉淀获得的。粗毒经胰酶处理后毒性消失。该粗蛇毒不具有任何蛋白质分解或组胺释放活性。该毒液以浓度依赖的方式引起四苯基膦从预加载的大鼠脑颗粒中流出。与毒性一样，这种作用也可以通过胰酶处理或将毒液保持在更高的温度下来消除。该粗蛇毒对75 ng/ml蛇毒蛋白的兔红细胞也有一定的溶血活性。其溶血活性对热处理和蛋白水解性也很敏感。对毒液最敏感的是兔红细胞，其次是大鼠红细胞。小鼠和牛红细胞仅轻微敏感，而人、鸡和豚鼠红细胞则完全耐药。
Crude venom of the greater weever fish, Trachinus draco was analyzed to assess its toxicity, stability and biological properties. The best yield of venom was obtained by extraction in physiological saline of the whole venom apparatus of the fish which were shock-frozen and stored at -70-degrees-C. This extract had a mouse i.v. minimum lethal dose of 1.8-mu-g venom protein per gram mouse and a total of 61,000 minimum lethal doses were obtained from the venom apparatus of one fish. The lethal activity was unstable at room temperature especially at lower protein concentrations. Stability was achieved either by storing the extract at -70-degrees-C or by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at 50% saturation. Toxicity of the crude venom was abolished by trypsin treatment. The crude venom did not possess any proteolytic or histamine-releasing activities. The venom caused an outflow of tetraphenylphosphonium from preloaded rat brain particles in a concentration-dependent manner. Like toxicity, this effect was also abolished by trypsin treatment or by keeping the venom at higher temperatures. The crude venom also possessed hemolytic activity with an EC50 for rabbit erythrocytes of 75 ng/ml venom protein. The hemolytic activity was also sensitive to heat and proteolytic treatment. Rabbit erythrocytes were most sensitive to venom followed by rat erythrocytes. Mouse and cattle erythrocytes were only slightly sensitive, whereas human, chicken and guinea pig erythrocytes were totally resistant.