The anatomy of medical school patenting
The anatomy of medical school patenting
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmsa067417
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发表时间：
2007-11-15
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
Sampat, Bhaven N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azoulay, Pierre;Michigan, Ryan;Sampat, Bhaven N.
背景资料：尽管学术医学中心的教师申请专利的相关问题一直是争议的根源，但这些活动的增长、它们在学术部门之间的分布以及它们与教师研究工作的关系几乎没有系统的证据。我们汇总了医学院教师、美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助活动、和专利申请，以检查在1981年至2000年期间，申请专利的倾向，随后被授予，这些活动在部门之间的分布，以及专利申请和变量之间的关系与个别教师。这些变量包括性别、学位、获得最后一个学位的时间、部门同行的专利申请以及NIH的资助历史。除了基本的描述性统计，我们估计泊松回归模型的基础上申请专利的教师作为这些variables.Results的函数的数量：申请专利，随后授予每个医学院教师在1981年至2000年期间急剧增加。虽然大多数专利活动是由临床部门的教师进行的，但他们的专利率相对于基础科学部门的教师较低。回归结果显示，如果最近获得NIH资助，男性，拥有博士学位，学位，更有经验的教师，并在部门与较高的patentingrates.Conclusions：虽然授予医学院教师的专利数量急剧增加，在此期间，专利活动集中在少数部门和教师。此外，最近获得国家卫生研究院资助的人比那些没有获得这种资助的人更有可能申请专利。
Background: Although issues related to patenting by faculty at academic medical centers have been the source of much controversy, there is little systematic evidence of the growth of these activities, their distribution among academic departments, and their relationship to faculty research efforts.Methods: We pooled data on medical school faculty, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant activity, and patenting to examine changes in the propensity to apply for a patent during the period from 1981 through 2000 that was subsequently granted, the distribution of these activities among departments, and the relationships between patenting and variables associated with individual faculty members. These variables included sex, academic degree, years since the last academic degree was earned, patenting by departmental peers, and NIH funding history. In addition to basic descriptive statistics, we estimated Poisson regression models based on the number of patents a faculty member applied for as a function of these variables.Results: Applications for patents that were subsequently granted per medical school faculty increased dramatically during the period from 1981 through 2000. Although most patenting activity was carried out by faculty members in clinical departments, their rate of patents was low relative to that of faculty members in basic science departments. Regression results showed that persons were more likely to patent if they had recent NIH funding, were male, had Ph.D. degrees, were more experienced faculty members, and worked in departments with higher patenting rates.Conclusions: Although the number of patents granted to medical school faculty increased dramatically during this period, patent activity was concentrated among a small number of departments and faculty members. Moreover, persons who had recently received NIH funding were more likely to apply for a patent than those who had not received such funding.