Differentiation between MAMP Triggered Defenses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Differentiation between MAMP Triggered Defenses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1006068
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Bergelson J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vetter M;Karasov TL;Bergelson J
植物和动物抵抗病原体攻击的第一道防线涉及微生物相关分子模式（MAMP）的检测，然后诱导复杂的免疫应答。植物和动物一样，编码几种识别不同MAMP的受体。虽然这些受体被认为在很大程度上是冗余的，但对不同MAMP的生理反应可能在细节上不同。MAMP暴露的反应在拟南芥的自然群体中定量地演变，可能是响应于微生物威胁的环境特异性差异。在这里，我们试图确定在何种程度上检测到两个典型的MAMPs在自然种群中的冗余或明显的演变。我们的研究结果揭示了细菌MAMPs EF-Tu和鞭毛蛋白之间在植物生长反应中的可忽略的相关性。对幼苗生长抑制差异的遗传基础的进一步调查和11个候选基因的验证揭示了响应于这两种MAMP的变异的遗传位点的实质性差异。我们的研究结果表明，MAMP识别的自然变异主要是MAMP特异性的，表明A. Thaliana populations.由植物编码的专门受体检测细菌机器的不同组成部分，并启动免疫反应。这些识别事件被认为诱导了大量冗余的防御信号，其大小在种群之间定量变化，可能是响应于微生物威胁的环境特异性差异。在这里，我们试图确定植物是否进化不同的或共享的两个典型的MAMPs在自然种群的反应。我们全面测试了186个基因型的拟南芥的响应中的功能冗余的程度的变体的两类细菌信号，鞭毛蛋白和EF-Tu。虽然植物对相同MAMP的不同变体的识别的响应相似，但我们发现对一个MAMP类的响应与对另一类的响应基本上不相关。我们进一步研究了生长变化背后的遗传基础，以确定是否相似的基因有助于对EF-Tu和鞭毛蛋白细菌信号的反应的变化。我们发现有限的遗传相似性，揭示了新的MAMP特异性信号传导成分。这些反应的分化揭示了MAMP特异性免疫反应的微调。
A first line of defense against pathogen attack for both plants and animals involves the detection of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), followed by the induction of a complex immune response. Plants, like animals, encode several receptors that recognize different MAMPs. While these receptors are thought to function largely redundantly, the physiological responses to different MAMPs can differ in detail. Responses to MAMP exposure evolve quantitatively in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana, perhaps in response to environment specific differences in microbial threat. Here, we sought to determine the extent to which the detection of two canonical MAMPs were evolving redundantly or distinctly within natural populations. Our results reveal negligible correlation in plant growth responses between the bacterial MAMPs EF-Tu and flagellin. Further investigation of the genetic bases of differences in seedling growth inhibition and validation of 11 candidate genes reveal substantial differences in the genetic loci that underlie variation in response to these two MAMPs. Our results indicate that natural variation in MAMP recognition is largely MAMP-specific, indicating an ability to differentially tailor responses to EF-Tu and flagellin in A. thaliana populations. Specialized receptors encoded by plants detect different components of bacterial machinery, and initiate an immune response. These recognition events are thought to induce largely redundant defense signaling, the magnitude of which varies quantitatively among populations, perhaps in response to environment specific differences in microbial threat. Here, we sought to determine whether plants evolve distinct or shared responses to two canonical MAMPs within natural populations. We comprehensively tested the extent of functional redundancy in the response of 186 genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana to variants of each of two classes of bacterial signals, flagellin and EF-Tu. Although plants respond similarly to recognition of different variants of the same MAMP, we found the response to one MAMP class to be largely uncorrelated with the response to the other class. We further investigated the genetic bases underlying growth changes to determine whether similar genes contribute to variation in the response to EF-Tu and flagellin bacterial signals. We find limited genetic similarity, revealing novel MAMP-specific signaling components. The differentiation of these responses reveals MAMP-specific fine tuning of the immune response.