The Solar Orbiter mission: Science overview
The Solar Orbiter mission: Science overview
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202038467
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发表时间：
2020-09-30
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Williams, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mueller, D.;St Cyr, O. C.;Williams, D.
目标。太阳轨道飞行器是欧空局“宇宙展望2015-2025”计划的第一个任务，也是欧空局和美国宇航局之间的国际合作任务，将从近距离和黄道面外探索太阳和日球层。它于2020年2月10日04:03 UTC从卡纳维拉尔角发射，旨在解决与太阳如何创造和控制日球层有关的太阳和日球层物理学的关键问题，以及为什么太阳活动随时间变化。为了回答这些问题，该任务携带了6台观测太阳和日冕的遥感仪器，以及4台测量太阳风、高能粒子和电磁场的现场仪器。在本文中，我们描述了该任务的科学目标，以及如何通过机载仪器的联合观测来解决这些问题。本文首先概述了任务级科学目标，然后概述了航天器和有效载荷。我们报告了每个仪器的观测值和性能数据，以及轨迹设计。接下来是对科学操作概念的总结。论文最后对科学目标作了更详细的描述。太阳轨道器将结合日球层的原位测量和太阳的高分辨率遥感观测，以解决太阳和日球层物理的基本问题。太阳轨道飞行器有效载荷的性能满足任务科学目标的要求。它的科学回报将通过与其他空间任务和地面观测站的协调观测进一步增强。
Aims. Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme and a mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA, will explore the Sun and heliosphere from close up and out of the ecliptic plane. It was launched on 10 February 2020 04:03 UTC from Cape Canaveral and aims to address key questions of solar and heliospheric physics pertaining to how the Sun creates and controls the Heliosphere, and why solar activity changes with time. To answer these, the mission carries six remote-sensing instruments to observe the Sun and the solar corona, and four in-situ instruments to measure the solar wind, energetic particles, and electromagnetic fields. In this paper, we describe the science objectives of the mission, and how these will be addressed by the joint observations of the instruments onboard.Methods. The paper first summarises the mission-level science objectives, followed by an overview of the spacecraft and payload. We report the observables and performance figures of each instrument, as well as the trajectory design. This is followed by a summary of the science operations concept. The paper concludes with a more detailed description of the science objectives.Results. Solar Orbiter will combine in-situ measurements in the heliosphere with high-resolution remote-sensing observations of the Sun to address fundamental questions of solar and heliospheric physics. The performance of the Solar Orbiter payload meets the requirements derived from the mission's science objectives. Its science return will be augmented further by coordinated observations with other space missions and ground-based observatories.