Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Steatohepatitis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation and Treatment
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Steatohepatitis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation and Treatment
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DOI：
10.1159/000336669
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Stimac, Davor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Milic, Sandra;Stimac, Davor
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是西方国家最常见的慢性肝病，患病率为20%-30%。非酒精性脂肪性肝炎包括以肝细胞损伤和炎症为特征的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。NAFLD在临床上很重要，因为在许多患者中，即使是良性的脂肪肝也可以进展为脂肪性肝炎，这可能会导致肝硬化及其并发症和肝细胞癌。NAFLD是代谢综合征的一种肝脏表现，它与代谢综合征的其他临床特征密切相关，从而与心血管疾病的发病率密切相关。有几种不同的非侵入性技术可用于正式诊断和随访，但肝活检仍是金标准。最重要的治疗策略包括改变生活方式，包括改变旨在减肥和调节血压的饮食习惯，从而降低胰岛素抵抗。对于一些NAFLD/非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者，药物治疗是最好的选择，尽管还需要进一步的研究来证实其有效性和耐受性。版权所有(C)2012 S.Karger AG，巴塞尔
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic hepatic disorder in Western countries, with a prevalence of 20-30%. NAFLD comprises 'silent liver disease', in which simple steatosis is the only histological finding and which is benign in course, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is characterized by hepatocellular injury and inflammation with or without fibrosis. NAFLD is clinically important, because even benign fatty liver can progress to steatohepatitis in many patients, which can lead to liver cirrhosis and its complications and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome; it is closely related to other clinical features of metabolic syndrome, and thus to cardiovascular morbidity. There are several different noninvasive techniques for formal diagnosis and follow-up, but liver biopsy remains the gold standard. The most important therapeutic strategies include lifestyle changes, including changes in dietary habits aimed at weight loss and blood pressure regulation, with a consequent decrease in insulin resistance. For some patients with NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, pharmacological treatment is the best option, although further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and tolerability. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel