The fungal community and its interaction with the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the caecum and colon of weaned piglets
The fungal community and its interaction with the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the caecum and colon of weaned piglets
复制标题
断奶仔猪盲肠和结肠中真菌群落及其与短链脂肪酸浓度的相互作用
DOI：
10.1111/jpn.13300
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发表时间：
2020-01-14
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Huifen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Jiayan;Luo, Yuheng;Wang, Huifen
与大量关于细菌的研究形成鲜明对比的是，对哺乳动物肠道中的真菌群落知之甚少。近年来在人和小鼠身上的研究强调了“真菌生物群”在宿主代谢和肠道健康中的重要性，但我们对猪肠道真菌的组成和分布的了解非常有限。在本研究中，基于针对内转录间隔区1区域的Illumina HiSeq 2500平台，分析了5头断奶仔猪盲肠和结肠直肠中的真菌群落，并研究了其与短链脂肪酸浓度的关系。结果表明，仔猪盲肠和结肠直肠的真菌谱是不同的，盲肠真菌多样性显著较高（p <0.05）。在仔猪盲肠和结肠中，真菌门主要为担子菌门和子囊菌门。盲肠中拟青霉属、瓦氏菌属和Mrakia的丰度显著高于结肠（p < .05），而拟青霉属、曲霉属、青霉属和毛霉属的丰度显著低于结肠（p < .05）。典范对应分析表明，真菌群落与异丁酸，异戊酸，丙酸和乙酸的浓度之间的相关性在寄生虫样品。斯皮尔曼相关分析表明，低丰度的镰刀菌属、球腔菌属和绿僵菌属与异丁酸盐的含量呈正相关（p < .05），而干酵母属与乙酸盐的含量呈负相关（p < .05），角孢菌属与乙酸盐和丙酸盐的含量均呈负相关（p < .05）。结果阐明了真菌组成与细菌降解饲料中蛋白质和复合碳水化合物之间可能存在的相互作用。这些发现将有助于提高我们对猪肠道真菌的认识，并为今后研究猪肠道真菌的功能提供基础。
In sharp contrast to the numerous studies on bacteria, very little is known about the fungal community in mammalian gut. Recent studies on human and mice highlighted the importance of "mycobiota" in the metabolism and gut health of host, but our knowledge on the fungal composition and distribution in swine gut is very limited. In the current study, the fungal community in the caecal and colonic digesta from five weaned piglets was analysed based on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 region, and its relationship with the concentration of short-chain fatty acids was also investigated. Results revealed that the fungal profile in the caecal and colonic digesta of the piglets was distinct, and the caecal fungal diversity was significantly higher (p < .05). Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the two predominant fungal phyla in the caecum and colon of the piglets. Comparing with that in colon, the abundance of Saccharomycopsis, Wallemia and Mrakia showed significantly higher (p < .05), and the abundance of Scheffersomyces, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Mucor was significantly lower in the caecum (p < .05). Canonical correspondence analysis showed a correlation between the fungal community and the concentration of isobutyrate, isovalerate, propionate and acetate in the digesta samples. Spearman's correlation indicated that the low-abundance genera, Fusarium, Plectosphaerella and Metarhizium, were positively correlated with of isobutyrate (p < .05), while Xeromyces were negatively correlated with acetate (p < .05), and Cornuvesica was negatively correlated with both acetate and propionate (p < .05). Results illuminated a probable interaction between the fungal composition and the bacterial degradation of protein and complex carbohydrates in the diet. These findings would be helpful to enhance our understanding of fungi in swine gut and provide a foundation for future work on the function of mycobiota in pigs.