When Sounds Become Actions: Higher-order Representation of Newly Learned Action Sounds in the Human Motor System
When Sounds Become Actions: Higher-order Representation of Newly Learned Action Sounds in the Human Motor System
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00134
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Waszak, Florian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ticini, Luca F.;Schuetz-Bosbach, Simone;Waszak, Florian
在没有视觉信息的情况下，我们的大脑能够通过将他人的声音表示为运动事件来识别他们的动作。先前的研究已经提供了证据，证明在感知非常熟悉的运动动作的声音时，听者的运动皮层会发生躯体位置激活。本实验研究了（a）运动系统是如何被新获得的动作相关声音激活的，以及（B）这些声音是否与动作目标相关的外在特征有关，而不是与特定动作相关的低水平内在参数有关。经颅磁刺激用于测量听者运动系统中听觉和运动代码之间的对应关系。我们比较了皮质运动的兴奋性，在响应于听觉刺激的介绍之前和之后的一个短的训练期，这些刺激与自愿的行动。新的跨模态表征很快就变得明显起来。通过将肌肉的表征与动作目标的表征分离，我们进一步表明，被动聆听新学习的动作相关声音会激活精确的运动表征，这取决于个体在测试过程中暴露的可变背景。我们的研究结果表明，人类大脑体现了一个高阶的视听运动表征感知的行动，这是肌肉独立，并对应于行动的目标。
In the absence of visual information, our brain is able to recognize the actions of others by representing their sounds as a motor event. Previous studies have provided evidence for a somatotopic activation of the listener's motor cortex during perception of the sound of highly familiar motor acts. The present experiments studied (a) how the motor system is activated by action-related sounds that are newly acquired and (b) whether these sounds are represented with reference to extrinsic features related to action goals rather than with respect to lower-level intrinsic parameters related to the specific movements. TMS was used to measure the correspondence between auditory andmotor codes in the listener's motor system. We compared the cortico-motor excitability in response to the presentation of auditory stimuli void of previous motor meaning before and after a short training period in which these stimuli were associated with voluntary actions. Novel cross-modal representations became manifest very rapidly. By disentangling the representation of the muscle from that of the action's goal, we further showed that passive listening to newly learnt action-related sounds activated a precise motor representation that depended on the variable contexts to which the individual was exposed during testing. Our results suggest that the human brain embodies a higher-order audio-visuo-motor representation of perceived actions, which is muscle-independent and corresponds to the goals of the action.